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An Empirical Investigation of the Influence of Qualitative Risk Factors on Canadian Auditors’ Determination of Performance Materiality

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  • Craig Emby
  • Nicola Pecchiari

Abstract

This paper presents the results of a field experiment that tested the effects of various qualitative risk factors suggested by auditing standards and prior literature on practicing Canadian auditors’ estimates of performance materiality, a concept introduced by Canadian Auditing Standard (CAS) 320, in the audit of specific accounts in a financial statement audit. Ninety‐four practicing auditors responded to four scenarios and, based on “good” and “bad” versions of six qualitative risk factors, revised or not, as they deemed appropriate, initially established performance materiality for the audit of four different transaction streams/account balances. For all four scenarios, on average, the auditors revised, to a statistically significant degree, performance materiality, downward on the basis of “bad” information and upward on the basis of “good” information. Different combinations of transaction streams/accounts and risk factors were associated with different magnitudes of revision. However, at the level of individual participants, responses were quite varied. Some participants did not revise performance materiality and some even stated that performance materiality should not be revised based on risk‐related information. It may be that the concept of performance materiality as promulgated in CAS 320 and the relationship between overall materiality, performance materiality, and risk requires clarification to provide appropriate guidance for auditors to make performance materiality judgments. Résumé Les auteurs présentent les résultats d'une expérience sur le terrain visant à tester les effets de divers facteurs de risque qualitatifs suggérés par les normes d'audit et les écrits précédents sur les estimations du seuil de signification pour les travaux par les auditeurs canadiens exerçant en cabinet, une notion introduite par la Norme canadienne d'audit (NCA) 320, relativement à l'audit de comptes particuliers dans le cadre d'un audit d’états financiers. Quatre‐vingt‐quatorze auditeurs exerçant en cabinet ont réagi à quatre scénarios et, selon les versions « favorables » ou « défavorables » de six facteurs de risque qualitatifs, révisés ou non selon ce qu'ils jugeaient approprié, ont établi le seuil de signification initial pour les travaux relativement à l'audit de quatre séries d'opérations ou soldes de comptes différents. En moyenne, pour tous les scénarios, les auditeurs ont révisé le seuil de signification pour les travaux à la baisse lorsque l'information était « défavorable » et à la hausse lorsque l'information était « favorable », dans une mesure statistiquement significative. Différentes combinaisons de séries d'opérations ou de soldes de comptes et de facteurs de risque ont été associées à des révisions de différentes amplitudes. Toutefois, à l’échelon des participants pris individuellement, les réactions ont été assez variées. Certains participants n'ont pas révisé le seuil de signification pour les travaux et certains ont même affirmé que ce seuil de signification ne devait pas être révisé en fonction d'information relative au risque. Il se peut que la notion de seuil de signification pour les travaux, telle qu'elle est définie dans la NCA 320, et la relation entre le seuil de signification global, le seuil de signification pour les travaux et le risque doivent être éclaircies de manière adéquate pour faciliter la tâche des auditeurs dans la formulation de jugements quant au seuil de signification pour les travaux.

Suggested Citation

  • Craig Emby & Nicola Pecchiari, 2013. "An Empirical Investigation of the Influence of Qualitative Risk Factors on Canadian Auditors’ Determination of Performance Materiality," Accounting Perspectives, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 12(4), pages 281-299, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:accper:v:12:y:2013:i:4:p:281-299
    DOI: 10.1111/1911-3838.12019
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    Cited by:

    1. Audrius Masiulevičius & Vaclovas Lakis, 2018. "Differentiation of performance materiality in audit based on business needs," Post-Print hal-02121042, HAL.
    2. Julia Baldauf & Marcel Steller & Rudolf Steckel, 2015. "The Influence of Audit Risk and Materiality Guidelines on Auditors’ Planning Materiality Assessment," Accounting and Finance Research, Sciedu Press, vol. 4(4), pages 1-97, November.
    3. Audrius Masiulevičius & Vaclovas Lakis, 2018. "Differentiation of performance materiality in audit based on business needs," Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, VsI Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Center, vol. 6(1), pages 115-124, September.

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