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Synthetic Multiple-Imputation Procedure for Multistage Complex Samples

Author

Listed:
  • Zhou Hanzhi

    (Mathematica Policy Research, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA.)

  • Elliott Michael R.

    (Dept. of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI USA 48109; Survey Methodology Program, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, 426 Thompson St., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.)

  • Raghunathan Trivellore E.

    (Dept. of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI USA 48109; Survey Methodology Program, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, 426 Thompson St., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.)

Abstract

Multiple imputation (MI) is commonly used when item-level missing data are present. However, MI requires that survey design information be built into the imputation models. For multistage stratified clustered designs, this requires dummy variables to represent strata as well as primary sampling units (PSUs) nested within each stratum in the imputation model. Such a modeling strategy is not only operationally burdensome but also inferentially inefficient when there are many strata in the sample design. Complexity only increases when sampling weights need to be modeled. This article develops a generalpurpose analytic strategy for population inference from complex sample designs with item-level missingness. In a simulation study, the proposed procedures demonstrate efficient estimation and good coverage properties. We also consider an application to accommodate missing body mass index (BMI) data in the analysis of BMI percentiles using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) III data. We argue that the proposed methods offer an easy-to-implement solution to problems that are not well-handled by current MI techniques. Note that, while the proposed method borrows from the MI framework to develop its inferential methods, it is not designed as an alternative strategy to release multiply imputed datasets for complex sample design data, but rather as an analytic strategy in and of itself.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhou Hanzhi & Elliott Michael R. & Raghunathan Trivellore E., 2016. "Synthetic Multiple-Imputation Procedure for Multistage Complex Samples," Journal of Official Statistics, Sciendo, vol. 32(1), pages 231-256, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:vrs:offsta:v:32:y:2016:i:1:p:231-256:n:11
    DOI: 10.1515/jos-2016-0011
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ying Yuan & Roderick J. A. Little, 2007. "Parametric and Semiparametric Model-Based Estimates of the Finite Population Mean for Two-Stage Cluster Samples with Item Nonresponse," Biometrics, The International Biometric Society, vol. 63(4), pages 1172-1180, December.
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