Pembangunan dan Perlaksanaan Perkhidmatan eKerajaan: Analisis Amalan eKerajaan Berpusat Rakyat dari Perspektif ANT (Actor Network Theory)

Many believed that citizen-centered approach to eGovernment implementation may lead to increase usage among citizens. But its’ practice lacks of attention by literature of eGovernment initiative implementation. This paper attempts to explore the practice of citizen-centered approach in e-Government initiative implementation in a case study of Local Government in Selangor. Analysis is made on the practices of e-Government initiative implementation using a conceptual framework that based on the combination of Actor Network Theory (ANT), model of eGovernment system development, citizen-centered approach and user-centered design. Data and information obtained from formal document from the agency and relevant circulars of Malaysia’s public sector, personal interviews, and analysis of the agency’s website. The study found that approach used in the implementation of eGovernment service is more similar to agency-centered approach. Needs and aspirations of the citizen are not accounted formally and there are no guidelines to encourage citizen involvement. The study proposed that a citizen-centered approach to e-Government initiative implementation requires integrated management of interactions between many actors, citizen-centered practices and support for regular evaluation and feedback system. More detailed studies using the framework of integrated actor network need to be done in the future to develop guidelines to assist public agencies to practice citizen-centered eGovernment implementation approach.