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Developing an empirical Environmental Kuznets Curve

Author

Listed:
  • Ferry Purnawan
  • Akhmad Fauzi
  • Sahat M. H. Simanjuntak

    (Department of Resources and Environmental Economics, Bogor Agriculture University, Indonesia.
    Department of Resources and Environmental Economics, Bogor Agriculture University, Indonesia.
    Department of Resources and Environmental Economics, Bogor Agriculture University, Indonesia.)

Abstract

This study aims to develop a model of Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) that relates between environmental pollution level and the prosperity level in Tangerang City. The method uses two models of pooled data regression technique namely, Random Effect Model (REM), and Fixed Effects Model (FEM) both quadratic and cubic. The period of observation is 2002-2012. The results suggest that relationship between per capita income and the level of environment quality, reflected as the BOD concentration (Oxygen Biological damage) and COD (Chemical Oxygen Damage) can be explained by the quadratic FEM model and follow the EKC hypothesis even though the turning point is not identified.

Suggested Citation

  • Ferry Purnawan & Akhmad Fauzi & Sahat M. H. Simanjuntak, 2015. "Developing an empirical Environmental Kuznets Curve," Economic Journal of Emerging Markets, Universitas Islam Indonesia, vol. 7(1), pages 48-59, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:uii:journl:v:7:y:2015:i:1:p:48-59
    DOI: 10.20885/ejem.vol7.iss1.art5
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    Cited by:

    1. Rossanto Dwi Haryanto & Yessi Rahmawati & Omar Guillermo Rojas Altamirano & Salsabila Fahar Ahsani & Adrianus Kabubu Hudang & Tri Haryanto, 2022. "An Empirical Investigation between FDI, Tourism, and Trade on CO2 Emission in Asia: Testing Environmental Kuznet Curve and Pollution Haven Hypothesis," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 12(4), pages 385-393, July.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Environmental Kuznets Curve; pollution; per capita income; fixed effect model;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • N5 - Economic History - - Agriculture, Natural Resources, Environment and Extractive Industries
    • Q50 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - General

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