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The Aggregate Cost of Crime in the United States

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  • David A. Anderson

Abstract

Estimates of crime’s burden inform public and private decisions about crime-prevention measures. More than counts of criminal offenses, the aggregate cost of crime conveys the scale of problems from crime and the value of deterrence. This article offers an estimate of the total annual cost of crime in the United States, including the direct costs of law enforcement, criminal justice, and victims’ losses and the indirect costs of private deterrence, fear and agony, and time lost to avoidance and recovery. The findings update crime-cost estimates of past decades while expanding the scope of coverage to include categories missing from past studies. The estimated annual cost of crime is $4.71–$5.76 trillion including transfers from victims to criminals and $2.86–$3.92 trillion net of transfers.

Suggested Citation

  • David A. Anderson, 2021. "The Aggregate Cost of Crime in the United States," Journal of Law and Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 64(4), pages 857-885.
    • Handle: RePEc:ucp:jlawec:doi:10.1086/715713
    DOI: 10.1086/715713
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    Cited by:

    1. Brad R. Humphreys, 2023. "Professional Sports Subsidies and Urban Congestion Externalities: Assessing 50 Years of Failed Urban Economic Development Policies," Eastern Economic Journal, Palgrave Macmillan;Eastern Economic Association, vol. 49(4), pages 457-474, October.
    2. Maennig, Wolfgang & Wilhelm, Stefan, 2023. "News and noise in crime politics: The role of announcements and risk attitudes," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 129(C).
    3. Li Li & Haoming Liu, 2024. "The minimum wage and cross-community crime disparities," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 37(2), pages 1-37, June.
    4. Perroni, Carlo & Scharf, Kimberley & Smith, Sarah & Talavera, Oleksandr & Vi, Linh, 2024. "Local Crime and Prosocial Attitudes: Evidence from Charitable Donations," CAGE Online Working Paper Series 706, Competitive Advantage in the Global Economy (CAGE).
    5. Zhizhin, Leonid & Knorre, Alex & Kuchakov, Ruslan & Skougarevskiy, Dmitriy, 2023. "Cost of crime in Russia: A compensating variation approach," Applied Econometrics, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), vol. 69, pages 91-120.
    6. Rachel E. Dalafave & W. Kip Viscusi, 2023. "The locus of dread for mass shooting risks: Distinguishing alarmist risk beliefs from risk preferences," Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, Springer, vol. 66(2), pages 109-139, April.
    7. Divya Sadana, 2023. "Effects of Early Childhood Exposure to Pollution on Crime: Evidence from 1970 Clean Air Act," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 84(1), pages 279-312, January.

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