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Chilean Agriculture And Major Economic Reforms: Growth, Trade, Poverty And The Environment

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  • William FOSTER

    (Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago)

  • William FOSTER

    (Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago)

Abstract

This study examines the Chilean experience of economic and trade reforms, deregulation and privatization beginning in the 1970s, and their effect on the agricultural sector from the 1980s to the present. Especially interesting is the interaction between the sectoral, macroeconomic and institutional reforms that influenced the incentive structure in factor markets. This study presents an interpretation of the principal impacts of the reforms and how they contributed to changes in the level and composition of production, the significant reduction in rural poverty, and rural-urban migration. The greater orientation toward the production of exportables encouraged by economic reforms contributed significantly to rural employment and incomes, and was also associated with a reduction in agro-chemical use relative to production value.

Suggested Citation

  • William FOSTER & William FOSTER, 2006. "Chilean Agriculture And Major Economic Reforms: Growth, Trade, Poverty And The Environment," Region et Developpement, Region et Developpement, LEAD, Universite du Sud - Toulon Var, vol. 23, pages 187-214.
    • Handle: RePEc:tou:journl:v:23:y:2006:p:187-214
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ocampo, José Antonio, 2001. "Agricultura y desarrollo rural en América Latina," Copublicaciones, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), number 1662.
    2. Woden, Q.T. & Ayres, W. & Barenstein, M. & Hicks, N. & Lee, K. & Maloney, W. & Peeters, P. & Siaens, C. & Yitzjaki, S., 2000. "Poverty and Policy in Latin America and Caribeean," Papers 467, World Bank - Technical Papers.
    3. Mundlak, Yair & Cavallo, Domingo & Domenech, Roberto, 1989. "Agriculture and economic growth in Argentina, 1913-84," Research reports 76, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
    4. Geoffrey J. D. Hewings & Patricio Aroca, 2002. "Migration and regional labor market adjustment: Chile 1977-1982 and 1987-1992," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 36(2), pages 197-218.
    5. repec:wbp:wbpubs:9780821347546 is not listed on IDEAS
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Anderson, Kym & de Nicola, Francesca & Jara, Esteban & Kurzweil, Marianne & Sandri, Damiano & Valenzuela, Ernesto, 2007. "Distortions in farmer prices since 1950s: South Africa in international perspective," Agrekon, Agricultural Economics Association of South Africa (AEASA), vol. 46(4), pages 1-33, December.
    2. Saldias, Rodrigo & von Cramon-Taubadel, Stephan, 2012. "Access to credit and the determinants of technical inefficiency among specialized small farmers in Chile," DARE Discussion Papers 1211, Georg-August University of Göttingen, Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development (DARE).
    3. Valdes, Alberto & Jara, Esteban, 2007. "Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in Chile," Agricultural Distortions Working Paper Series 48391, World Bank.
    4. Reyes, Alvaro & Lensink, Robert & Kuyvenhoven, Arie & Moll, Henk, 2012. "Impact of Access to Credit on Farm Productivity of Fruit and Vegetable Growers in Chile," 2012 Conference, August 18-24, 2012, Foz do Iguacu, Brazil 126217, International Association of Agricultural Economists.
    5. Fleming, David A. & Abler, David G., 2013. "Does agricultural trade affect productivity? Evidence from Chilean farms," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 11-17.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    CHILE; AGRICULTURAL POLICY; REFORMS; AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS; TRADE LIBERALIZATION; RURAL POVERTY; RURAL URBAN MIGRATIONS;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • Q12 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Micro Analysis of Farm Firms, Farm Households, and Farm Input Markets
    • Q13 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Agricultural Markets and Marketing; Cooperatives; Agribusiness
    • Q17 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Agriculture in International Trade
    • Q18 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Agricultural Policy; Food Policy; Animal Welfare Policy

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