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Visualisation of ripple effect in supply chains under long-term, simultaneous disruptions: a system dynamics approach

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  • Abhijeet Ghadge
  • Merve Er
  • Dmitry Ivanov
  • Atanu Chaudhuri

Abstract

Supply chains (SCs) are exposed to multiple risks and vulnerable to disruption propagation (i.e. the ripple effect). Despite established literature, quantitative analysis of the ripple effect in SCs considering simultaneous, long-term disruptions (i.e. induced by the COVID-19 pandemic) remains limited. This study defines, applies and demonstrates the capability of system dynamics modelling to recognise and visualise the ripple effect subject to supply, demand, and logistics disruptions as well as a combined, simultaneous disruption of supply, demand and logistics. Simulation results for these four risk scenarios indicate that disruption propagation and its impacts vary based on risk type, combination of risks and the impacting node. The bi-directional, increasing effect is significant for disruptions of longer duration. Retailers and manufacturers are most fragile to multiple disruptions due to broader risk exposure points. In generalised terms, systems theory-based study provides insights into the complex behaviour of simultaneous risks and associated disruptions occurring at a node and across the SC. The outcomes derived can help practitioners visualise and recognise the dynamic nature of the ripple effect cascading across the SC network. In addition, some novel insights on the systemic nature and delayed impact of disruption propagations are uncovered and discussed.

Suggested Citation

  • Abhijeet Ghadge & Merve Er & Dmitry Ivanov & Atanu Chaudhuri, 2022. "Visualisation of ripple effect in supply chains under long-term, simultaneous disruptions: a system dynamics approach," International Journal of Production Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 60(20), pages 6173-6186, October.
  • Handle: RePEc:taf:tprsxx:v:60:y:2022:i:20:p:6173-6186
    DOI: 10.1080/00207543.2021.1987547
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    Cited by:

    1. Sun, Qi & Ma, Junyong & Lu, Qihui & Gao, Yaya & Xu, Weidong, 2024. "System dynamics analysis of Retailer's emergency strategies when facing irrational demand and supply disruption," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 271(C).
    2. Radebe, Nomkhosi & Chipangamate, Nelson, 2024. "Mining industry risks, and future critical minerals and metals supply chain resilience in emerging markets," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 91(C).
    3. Alam, Md Fahim Bin & Tushar, Saifur Rahman & Ahmed, Tazim & Karmaker, Chitra Lekha & Bari, A.B.M. Mainul & de Jesus Pacheco, Diego Augusto & Nayyar, Anand & Islam, Abu Reza Md Towfiqul, 2024. "Analysis of the enablers to deal with the ripple effect in food grain supply chains under disruption: Implications for food security and sustainability," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 270(C).

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