Detection of adulterants in rice grains by the characteristics of reflection coefficient of the incident microwave signal

Detection of food quality by identifying different adulterants in food products is a grave requirement for the food industry. Various methods of food analysis have been evolved to identify the quality and quantity of impurities but those methods are time-consuming, expensive and laborious. Our research aims at reducing the challenges experienced in these existing methods. Our procedure is to detect food adulterants using a microwave signal and observe the change in reflection coefficient and resonant frequency of the reflected microwave signal. The property of modification of reflection coefficient and resonant frequency of reflected microwave signal from pure rice grains in the presence of adulterants like small stones/pebbles and broken rice is exploited. In this work, the detection and proportion of adulterants, such as stones and low-quality broken rice in fresh rice in varying proportions, have been determined. Adulterants as low as 2% weight of rice are highly detectable utilizing microwave.