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Does environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis exist? Evidence from dynamic panel threshold

Author

Listed:
  • Abdalla Sirag
  • Bolaji Tunde Matemilola
  • Siong Hook Law
  • A. N Bany-Ariffin

Abstract

Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions have been rising globally and have raised public concern regarding their detrimental effects to human life. This article investigates the validity of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis in developing countries in a nonlinear framework. The article applies the dynamic panel threshold method, which is able to estimate the EKC turning point. The main findings reveal the existence of a nonlinear relationship between income (GDP per capita) and carbon dioxide emissions. Precisely, for developing countries (low and middle income) the results reveal that GDP per capita is positive and significantly related to CO2 emissions, below and above the threshold. These results challenge the validity of the EKC hypothesis in developing countries, suggesting that developing countries are still below the desired income turning point, at which better economic development will lead to reduced environmental damage. Based on the study findings, it may be inappropriate for the policymakers in developing countries to adopt the EKC postulate as the theoretical basis for policies favouring economic growth.

Suggested Citation

  • Abdalla Sirag & Bolaji Tunde Matemilola & Siong Hook Law & A. N Bany-Ariffin, 2018. "Does environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis exist? Evidence from dynamic panel threshold," Journal of Environmental Economics and Policy, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 7(2), pages 145-165, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:teepxx:v:7:y:2018:i:2:p:145-165
    DOI: 10.1080/21606544.2017.1382395
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    Cited by:

    1. Ehigiamusoe, Kizito Uyi & Lean, Hooi Hooi & Smyth, Russell, 2020. "The moderating role of energy consumption in the carbon emissions-income nexus in middle-income countries," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 261(C).
    2. Chao, Chi-Chur & Trinh, Cong Tam & Nguyen, Xuan, 2023. "Carbon neutrality and wage inequality in a sustainable economy: New evidence from business dynamism," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 127(C).
    3. Yu-Ke, Chen & Hassan, Muhammad Shahid & Kalim, Rukhsana & Mahmood, Haider & Arshed, Noman & Salman, Muhammad, 2022. "Testing asymmetric influence of clean and unclean energy for targeting environmental quality in environmentally poor economies," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 197(C), pages 765-775.
    4. Manga, Muge & Cengiz, Orhan & Destek, Mehmet Akif, 2022. "Is export quality a viable option for sustainable development paths of Asian countries?," MPRA Paper 117552, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    5. Umer Jeelanie Banday & Mustafa Kocoglu, 2023. "Modelling Simultaneous Relationships Between Human Development, Energy, and Environment: Fresh Evidence from Panel Quantile Regression," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 14(2), pages 1559-1581, June.
    6. Jorge Carrera & Pablo de la Vega, 2022. "The Effect of External Debt on Greenhouse Gas Emissions," Papers 2206.01840, arXiv.org, revised Apr 2024.
    7. Machado, Fábio Luiz Vargas & Halmenschlager, Vinícius & Abdallah, Patrízia Raggi & Teixeira, Gibran da Silva & Sumaila, Ussif Rashid, 2021. "The relation between fishing subsidies and CO2 emissions in the fisheries sector," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 185(C).
    8. Esma Erdoğan & Duygu Serin Oktay & Müge Manga & Harun Bal & Neşe Algan, 2024. "Examining the Effects of Renewable Energy and Economic Growth on Carbon Emission in Canada: Evidence from the Nonlinear ARDL Approaches," Evaluation Review, , vol. 48(1), pages 63-89, February.
    9. Hongbo Liu & Hanho Kim & Justin Choe, 2019. "Export diversification, CO2 emissions and EKC: panel data analysis of 125 countries," Asia-Pacific Journal of Regional Science, Springer, vol. 3(2), pages 361-393, June.
    10. Churchill, Sefa Awaworyi & Inekwe, John & Ivanovski, Kris & Smyth, Russell, 2018. "The Environmental Kuznets Curve in the OECD: 1870–2014," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 389-399.
    11. Roxana Pincheira & Felipe Zuniga & Pablo Neudorfer, 2021. "Carbon Kuznets curve: a dynamic empirical approach for a panel data," Accounting and Finance, Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand, vol. 61(4), pages 5523-5541, December.
    12. Muziyun Liu & Hui Liu, 2023. "Influence of Climate Change on Carbon Emissions during Grain Production and Its Mechanism," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-15, June.
    13. Yunlong Liu & Xianlin Chang & Chengfeng Huang, 2022. "Research and Analysis on the Influencing Factors of China’s Carbon Emissions Based on a Panel Quantile Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-12, June.
    14. Iqra Hassan Mohamud & Ahmed Abdirashid Mohamud, 2023. "The Impact of Renewable Energy Consumption and Economic Growth on Environmental Degradation in Somalia," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 13(5), pages 533-543, September.
    15. Sini, Snow & Abdul-Rahim, A.S. & Sulaiman, Chindo, 2021. "Does natural resource influence conflict in Africa? Evidence from panel nonlinear relationship," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C).
    16. Abdul Sattar & Temesgen Hordofa Tolassa & Muhammad Noshab Hussain & Muhammad Ilyas, 2022. "Environmental Effects of China’s Overseas Direct Investment in South Asia," SAGE Open, , vol. 12(1), pages 21582440221, February.
    17. Busayo Victor Osuntuyi & Hooi Hooi Lean, 2023. "Moderating Impacts of Education Levels in the Energy–Growth–Environment Nexus," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-18, February.
    18. Yang Yi & Le Wen & Shan He, 2022. "Partitioning for “Common but Differentiated” Precise Air Pollution Governance: A Combined Machine Learning and Spatial Econometric Approach," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-23, May.
    19. Busayo Victor Osuntuyi & Hooi Hooi Lean, 2023. "Environmental degradation, economic growth, and energy consumption: The role of education," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 31(2), pages 1166-1177, April.
    20. Muhammad Noshab Hussain & Zaiyang Li & Shaohua Yang, 2023. "Heterogeneous effects of urbanization and environment Kuznets curve hypothesis in Africa," Natural Resources Forum, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 47(2), pages 317-333, May.

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