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Does Preservation Accelerate Neighborhood Change? Examining the Impact of Historic Preservation in New York City

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  • Brian J. McCabe
  • Ingrid Gould Ellen

Abstract

Problem, research strategy, and findings: A number of studies have examined the property value impacts of historic preservation, but few have considered how preservation shapes neighborhood composition. In this study, we ask whether the designation of historic districts contributes to changes in the racial composition and socioeconomic status of New York City neighborhoods. Bringing together data on historic districts with a panel of census tracts, we study how neighborhoods change after the designation of a historic district. We find little evidence of changes in the racial composition of a neighborhood, but report a significant increase in socioeconomic status following historic designation. Takeaway for practice: Our research offers empirical evidence on changes in the racial composition and socioeconomic status of neighborhoods following the designation of a historic district. It suggests that historic preservation can contribute to economic revitalization in urban neighborhoods, but that these changes risk making neighborhoods less accessible to lower-income residents. Planners should consider ways that the city government can work to preserve the highly valued amenities of historic neighborhoods while mitigating the potential for residential displacement.

Suggested Citation

  • Brian J. McCabe & Ingrid Gould Ellen, 2016. "Does Preservation Accelerate Neighborhood Change? Examining the Impact of Historic Preservation in New York City," Journal of the American Planning Association, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 82(2), pages 134-146, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:rjpaxx:v:82:y:2016:i:2:p:134-146
    DOI: 10.1080/01944363.2015.1126195
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    Cited by:

    1. Tetsuharu Oba & Douglas Simpson Noonan, 2020. "The Price of Preserving Neighborhoods: The Unequal Impacts of Historic District Designation," Economic Development Quarterly, , vol. 34(4), pages 343-355, November.
    2. Dublin-Boc, Jenna L., 2023. "Zoning for character: Contextual rezoning and socioeconomic change in New York City neighborhoods, 1986–2019," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).
    3. Rachel Gallagher & Thomas Jason Sigler & Yan Liu, 2024. "Character contradiction: The exclusionary nature of preservationist planning restrictions," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 61(6), pages 1013-1030, May.
    4. Jamie Bologna Pavlik & Yang Zhou, 2023. "Are historic districts a backdoor for segregation? Yes and no," Contemporary Economic Policy, Western Economic Association International, vol. 41(3), pages 415-434, July.
    5. Tan, Shin Bin & Ti, Edward S.W., 2020. "What is the value of built heritage conservation? Assessing spillover effects of conserving historic sites in Singapore," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 91(C).

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