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African socialism; or, the search for an indigenous model of economic development?

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  • Emmanuel Akyeampong

Abstract

Ralph Austen in African Economic History (1987) noted how few African countries explicitly choose capitalism on independence, and for those who did it was a default model or a residual pattern. ‘African socialism’ was popular in the early decades of independence and pursued by several countries, including Ghana, Guinea, Senegal and Tanzania, the cases considered in this paper. The term had multiple meanings, and its advocates were quick to stress that they were not communist, and some said they were not even Marxist. This paper explores the argument that African socialism was a search for an indigenous model of economic development for a generation that was justifiably ambivalent about capitalism, but wary of being put in the communist camp in the Cold War era. Importantly, advocates of African socialism often proposed bold and transformative visions for their countries. These visions might be worth revisiting, devoid of the paradigm of socialism.

Suggested Citation

  • Emmanuel Akyeampong, 2018. "African socialism; or, the search for an indigenous model of economic development?," Economic History of Developing Regions, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 33(1), pages 69-87, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:rehdxx:v:33:y:2018:i:1:p:69-87
    DOI: 10.1080/20780389.2018.1434411
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    Cited by:

    1. Clever Madimutsa & Royd Malisase & Evans Daka & Moses Chewe, 2021. "Public Sector Reform and the Introduction of Neoliberal Capitalism in African Socialist States: The Case of Zambia," Review of Radical Political Economics, Union for Radical Political Economics, vol. 53(3), pages 462-477, September.
    2. Franklin Obeng‐Odoom, 2020. "The African Continental Free Trade Area," American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 79(1), pages 167-197, January.
    3. Bienek, Jan, 2024. "The effect of the nature of the decolonisation process on postcolonial trade: a comparative study of Senegal’s peaceful path to independence and the Algerian war of independence," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 125846, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.

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