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Is 'Demonstration of Need' Necessary in Retail Planning Policy?

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  • Clifford Guy

Abstract

Guy, C. (2007) Is 'demonstration of need' necessary in retail planning policy?, Regional Studies 41, 131-137. Official retail planning guidance in the UK states that proposals for new retail development outside existing town and district centres should demonstrate a 'need' for the proposal. 'Need' is subdivided into 'quantitative' and 'qualitative' for this purpose. This paper takes a historical perspective in order to show how 'need' has become a key concept in retail planning, but one which is now applied in a manner disadvantageous to development interests. It shows that the 'quantitative need' criterion is closely related to the well-established concept of 'trading impact', and hence may be redundant if impact is also used as a criterion for judging proposals for new development. On the other hand, 'qualitative need', which is currently regarded by policy-makers as less important, is a long-standing issue in retail planning and one which is strongly tied up with broader economic and social policy objectives. Guy, C. (2007) 'L'imperatif': est-ce un prealable de la politique en faveur du developpement du commerce de detail?, Regional Studies 41, 131-137. Les directives officielles sur le developpement du commerce de detail au R-U indiquent que les propositions visant le developpement du commerce de detail en dehors des centres urbains actuels devraient affirmer un 'imperatif'. Dans cette optique-ci, la 'notion d'imperatif' se voit diviser en termes qualitatifs et quantitatifs. Cet article cherche a adopter un point de vue historique afin de demontrer comment 'l'imperatif' est devenu d'un cote une notion cle dans le developpement du commerce de detail, mais de l'autre cote une notion appliquee de facon defavorable au developpement. On montre que 'l'imperatif quantitatif' se rapporte etroitement a la notion recue de 'retombee commerciale' et, par la suite, pourrait s'averer superflu si l'on employait aussi la notion d'impact comme critere pour evaluer les propositions visant de nouveaux developpements. D'autre part, 'l'imperatif qualitatif', qui actuellement est considere par les decideurs comme moins important, est une question de longue haleine dans le domaine du developpement du commerce de detail et est etroitement liee aux objectifs economiques et sociaux de plus grande envergure. Developpement commercial Developpement du commerce de detail Imperatif quantitatif Imperatif qualitatif Retombee commerciale Guy, C. (2007) Ist 'Bedarfsnachweis' zur Planung der Einzelhandelspolitik erforderlich?, Regional Studies 41, 131-137. Die offiziellen Richt-linien der Einzelhandelsplanung im UK legt fest, dass Antrage fur neue Einzelhandelserschliessung ausserhalb bereits bestehender Stadt- und Stadtkreiszentren 'Bedarf' dafur nachweisen sollten. Bei 'Bedarf' wird zu diesem Zweck eine Unterscheidung zwischen 'quantitativem' und 'qualitativem' vorgenommen. Dieser Aufsatz bedient sich einer historischen Perspektive, um aufzuzeigen, wie 'Bedarf' bei der Einzelhandelsplanung zu einem Hauptbegriff geworden ist, jedoch einem, der nun zum Nachteil von Erschliessungsinteressen angewandt wird. Er zeigt, dass das Kriterium 'quantitativer Bedarf' mit dem fest etablierten Begriff der 'Auswirkung des Handels' auf Betriebe eng verwandt ist und daher uberflussig sein kann, wenn Auswirkung auch als Kriterium fur Beurteilung von Antragen auf Neuerschliessung angewandt wird. Andrerseits ist 'qualitativer Bedarf', der gegenwartig von Entscheidungen treffenden Stellen als weniger bedeutend angesehen wird, ein schon lange bestehendes Aspekt der Einzelhandelsplanung, der stark mit ubergeordneten Zielen der Wirtschafts- und Sozialpolitik zusammenhangt. Entwicklung des Einzelhandels Planung des Einzelhandels Quantitativer Bedarf Qualitativer Bedarf Auswirkung des Handels Guy, C. (2007) ¿Es necesaria la demostracion de necesidad en la politica de planificacion minorista?, Regional Studies 41, 131-137. Las guias de planificacion oficial para minoristas en el Reino Unido indican que es imprescindible que en las propuestas para el desarrollo de nuevos minoristas fuera de los centros de la ciudad y de los distritos se demuestre que este desarrollo es necesario. Esta necesidad se subdivide en factores de cantidad y calidad para este proposito. En este ensayo tomo una perspectiva historica para demostrar en que medida la necesidad se ha convertido en un concepto basico en la planificacion de minoristas pero que ahora se aplica de un modo desfavorable para los intereses del desarrollo. Demuestro que el criterio que se basa en la necesidad de cantidad esta estrechamente relacionado con el concepto bien arraigada de 'impacto comercial' y por tanto podria ser redundante si el impacto tambien se utiliza como un criterio para juzgar las propuestas para nuevos desarrollos. Por otra parte, la necesidad de calidad, considerada normalmente menos importante por los responsables politicos, es la eterna cuestion en la planificacion minorista que esta solidamente ligada a amplios objetivos politicos economicos y sociales. Desarrollo minorista Planificacion minorista Necesidad de cantidad Necesidad de calidad Impacto comercial

Suggested Citation

  • Clifford Guy, 2007. "Is 'Demonstration of Need' Necessary in Retail Planning Policy?," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 41(1), pages 131-137.
  • Handle: RePEc:taf:regstd:v:41:y:2007:i:1:p:131-137
    DOI: 10.1080/00343400600990467
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