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'Actual' Versus 'Virtual' Employment in Belgium

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  • Eric Toulemonde

Abstract

This paper analyses the evolution of employment in the Belgian provinces during the period 1974-92. It identifies provincial, industrial and temporal effects. This allows us to construct a 'virtual' employment series by filtering out provincial effects. A comparison with actual employment provides a good indication of the employment performance of each province. Results show that (most) Flemish provinces are performing better than (most) Walloon provinces, which are themselves performing better than Brussels. The difference is marked mainly during upturns - which indicates that Walloon unemployment is a problem of job creation during upturns rather than of job destruction during downturns. Sectors responsible for the performance of each province are also identified. Cet article cherche a analyser l'evolution de l'emploi dans les provinces belges entre 1974 et 1992. On identifie des effets provinciaux, industriels et temporels. Cela permet la construction d'une serie emploi 'virtuelle' en eliminant les effets provinciaux. Une comparaison avec l'emploi reel indique clairement la situation de l'emploi dans chaque province. Les resultats laissent voir que (la plupart) des provinces flamandes jouissent de meilleurs resultats que ne le font (la plupart) des provinces wallonnes qui, a leur tour, ont de meilleurs resultats que Bruxelles. L'ecart ne s'avere marque qu'en periode de reprise - ce qui indique que le chomage wallon est une question de la creation d'emploi au moment d'une reprise plutot que de la suppression d'emploi pendant un declin. On identifie aussi les secteurs qui expliquent la performance de chaque region. In diesem Aufsatz wird die Entwicklung der Erwerbstatigkeit in den belgischen Provinzen im Zeitraum 1974-1992 analysiert. Er stellt Auswirkungen auf Provinzen, Industrie und Zeitlaufte heraus. Dies gestattet den Autoren, durch Heraussieben der Provinzeffekte eine Reihe 'virtueller' Erwerbstatigkeit aufzustellen. Ein Vergleich mit 'echter' Erwerbstatigkeit ergibt deutliche Anzeichen der Erwerbstatigenleistung jeder Provinz. Die Ergebnisse demonstrieren, dass die (meisten) flamischen Provinzen bessere Leistungen aufweisen als die (meisten) wallonischen, die wiederum hohere aufzeigen als Brussel. Der Unterschied tritt vorallem in Zeiten des Konjunkturaufschwungs stark hervor - ein Anzeichen, dass Erwerbslosigkeit unter den Wallonen eher eine Frage der Arbeitsbeschaffung zu Zeiten des Konjunkturaufschwungs als der Arbeitsplatzverluste in Zeiten des Konjunkturabschwungs ist. Es werden auch Sektoren identifiziert, die fur die Leistung jeder Provinz verantwortlich sind.

Suggested Citation

  • Eric Toulemonde, 2001. "'Actual' Versus 'Virtual' Employment in Belgium," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 35(6), pages 513-518.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:regstd:v:35:y:2001:i:6:p:513-518
    DOI: 10.1080/00343400120065688
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Marimon, Ramon & Zilibotti, Fabrizio, 1998. "'Actual' versus 'virtual' employment in Europe Is Spain different?," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 42(1), pages 123-153, January.
    2. Stockman, Alan C., 1988. "Sectoral and national aggregate disturbances to industrial output in seven European countries," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 21(2-3), pages 387-409.
    3. Costello, Donna M, 1993. "A Cross-Country, Cross-Industry Comparison of Productivity Growth," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 101(2), pages 207-222, April.
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    3. Oliver Fritz & Gerhard Streicher, 2005. "Measuring Changes in Regional Competitiveness over Time. A Shift-Share Regression Exercise," WIFO Working Papers 243, WIFO.
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    5. Julie Le Gallo & Yiannis Kamarianakis, 2011. "The Evolution of Regional Productivity Disparities in the European Union from 1975 to 2002: A Combination of Shift-Share and Spatial Econometrics," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 45(1), pages 123-139.
    6. Vadim Grinevich, 2013. "Region-specific productivity competitiveness and the universityindustry interface," Chapters, in: Tüzin Baycan (ed.), Knowledge Commercialization and Valorization in Regional Economic Development, chapter 9, pages 184-208, Edward Elgar Publishing.

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