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Tajik labour migrants and their remittances: is Tajik migration pro-poor?

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  • Kazuhiro Kumo

Abstract

During the four years since 2006 Tajikistan, a former Soviet republic, has led the world in the receipt of foreign remittances as a proportion of GDP. Needless to say, the key reasons for this are the low income levels in Tajikistan and the country's special relationship with Russia, which has been enjoying rapid economic growth. Yet while interest in the relationship between migration and foreign remittances has existed for a long time, not many studies have looked at this region. This article uses household survey forms from two points in time to profile households in Tajikistan and international labour migration by Tajiks, and examines the relationship between household income levels in Tajikistan, the poorest of the former Soviet republics, and foreign remittances received from international labour migrants and the likelihood of migrants being supplied. It finds no correlation between household income levels and amounts of money received from abroad, which suggests that altruistic models of the relationship between migration and remittances do not apply. Moreover, it also finds that households with high incomes are more likely to supply migrants, indicating that international labour migration from Tajikistan may not be pro-poor.

Suggested Citation

  • Kazuhiro Kumo, 2012. "Tajik labour migrants and their remittances: is Tajik migration pro-poor?," Post-Communist Economies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 24(1), pages 87-109, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:pocoec:v:24:y:2012:i:1:p:87-109
    DOI: 10.1080/14631377.2012.647630
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Krishnan Sharma, 2009. "The Impact of Remittances on Economic Insecurity," Working Papers 78, United Nations, Department of Economics and Social Affairs.
    2. Ryazantsev, Sergei V. & Horie, Norio & Kumo, Kazuhiro & 雲, 和広, 2010. "Migrant Workers from Central Asia into the Russian Federation," CEI Working Paper Series 2010-1, Center for Economic Institutions, Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University.
    3. World Bank, 2009. "Tajikistan : Poverty Assessment," World Bank Publications - Reports 3159, The World Bank Group.
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Iwasaki, Ichiro, 2018. "International Presence of the Japanese Study of Russian and East European Economies," RRC Working Paper Series 74, Russian Research Center, Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University.
    2. Kumo, Kazuhiro, 2021. "Gender Norms in the Former Socialist States: An approach using micro data in a case of Russia," RRC Working Paper Series 92, Russian Research Center, Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University.
    3. Vakulenko, Elena & Leukhin, Roman, 2015. "Investigation of demand for the foreign workforce in Russian regions using applications for quotas," Applied Econometrics, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), vol. 37(1), pages 67-86.
    4. Tokunaga, Masahiro & Suganuma, Keiko & Odagiri, Nami, 2018. "From Russia to Eurasia : Specific Features of the “Russosphere” from the Perspective of Business Activities of Japanese Firms," RRC Working Paper Series 77, Russian Research Center, Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University.
    5. Hiwatari, Masato, 2016. "Social networks and migration decisions: The influence of peer effects in rural households in Central Asia," Journal of Comparative Economics, Elsevier, vol. 44(4), pages 1115-1131.
    6. Köllner, Sebastian, 2013. "Remittances and educational attainment: Evidence from Tajikistan," Discussion Paper Series 124, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, Chair of Economic Order and Social Policy.
    7. Chernina Eugenia M., 2020. "The Role of Migration Experience in Migrants’ Destination Choice," IZA Journal of Development and Migration, Sciendo & Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit GmbH (IZA), vol. 11(1), pages 1-29, January.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • O15 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Economic Development: Human Resources; Human Development; Income Distribution; Migration
    • P46 - Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems - - Other Economic Systems - - - Consumer Economics; Health; Education and Training; Welfare, Income, Wealth, and Poverty
    • R23 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Household Analysis - - - Regional Migration; Regional Labor Markets; Population

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