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State-owned enterprises in Vietnam: are they 'crowding out' the private sector?

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  • Nguyen Van Thang
  • Nick Freeman

Abstract

This article assesses, on a province-by-province basis, whether state-owned enterprises (SOEs) are constraining the development of private firms in Vietnam. The analysis suggests the greater the density of SOEs present in a province, the more they enjoy favouritism, the lower is the proportion of bank loans that go to private companies, and the longer it takes for private firms to get access to land. There is also a negative correlation between SOE growth and private sector growth. But most importantly, the greater the density of SOEs in a particular province, the lower the GDP (and GDP per capita) growth recorded by that province. This evidence suggests that SOEs are indeed 'crowding out' private companies in Vietnam.

Suggested Citation

  • Nguyen Van Thang & Nick Freeman, 2009. "State-owned enterprises in Vietnam: are they 'crowding out' the private sector?," Post-Communist Economies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 21(2), pages 227-247.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:pocoec:v:21:y:2009:i:2:p:227-247
    DOI: 10.1080/14631370902778674
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Manuel Agosin & Roberto Machado, 2005. "Foreign Investment in Developing Countries: Does it Crowd in Domestic Investment?," Oxford Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 33(2), pages 149-162.
    2. Ann E. Harrison & Margaret S. McMillan, 2001. "Does Direct Foreign Investment Affect Domestic Firms' Credit Constraints?," NBER Working Papers 8438, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    3. Stoyan Tenev & Amanda Carlier & Omar Chaudry & Quynh-Trang Nguyen, 2003. "Informality and the Playing Field in Vietnam's Business Sector," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 15084.
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    Cited by:

    1. Baccini, Leonardo & Impullitti, Giammario & Malesky, Edmund J., 2019. "Globalization and state capitalism: Assessing Vietnam's accession to the WTO," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 119(C), pages 75-92.
    2. Ho, Manh-Toan, 2020. "The rise of research on development economics in Vietnam: Analyses and implications for the public and policymakers from SSHPA 2008-2020 dataset," Thesis Commons msy6e, Center for Open Science.
    3. Bach Nguyen & Hoa Do & Chau Le, 2022. "How much state ownership do hybrid firms need for better performance?," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 59(3), pages 845-871, October.
    4. Viet-Ha T. Nguyen & Hong Kong Nguyen-To & Thu Trang Vuong & Manh Tung Ho & Quan-Hoang Vuong, 2018. "How swelling debts give rise to a new type of politics in Vietnam," Working Papers CEB 18-026, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles.
    5. , Aisdl, 2020. "The rise of research on development economics in Vietnam: Analyses and implications for the public and policymakers from SSHPA 2008-2020 dataset," OSF Preprints 9nbyr, Center for Open Science.
    6. Nguyen, Thi Tuyet Mai, 2017. "An examination of independent directors in Vietnam," OSF Preprints ay6dv, Center for Open Science.
    7. Tran Thai Ha Nguyen & Massoud Moslehpour & Thi Thuy Van Vo & Wing-Keung Wong, 2020. "State Ownership and Risk-Taking Behavior: An Empirical Approach to Get Better Profitability, Investment, and Trading Strategies for Listed Corporates in Vietnam," Economies, MDPI, vol. 8(2), pages 1-21, June.
    8. Thi Xuan Thu Nguyen & Javier Revilla Diez, 2017. "Multinational enterprises and industrial spatial concentration patterns in the Red River Delta and Southeast Vietnam," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 59(1), pages 101-138, July.
    9. Klingler-Vidra, Robyn & Wade, Robert, 2020. "Science and technology policies and the middle-income trap: lessons from Vietnam," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 100712, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    10. FUJITA Mai, 2017. "Vietnamese State-owned Enterprises under International Economic Integration," Discussion papers 17121, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI).
    11. Qingjun Zhang & Lan Yang & Chuan Liu, 2021. "Vertical structure, capital misallocation and capital allocation efficiency of the real economy," Economic Change and Restructuring, Springer, vol. 54(2), pages 557-584, May.

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