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Credit risk and operational risk on financial performance of universal banks in Ghana: A partial least squared structural equation model (PLS SEM) approach

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  • Samuel Gameli Gadzo
  • Holy Kwabla Kportorgbi
  • John Gartchie Gatsi

Abstract

In recent years, financial institutions especially universal/commercial banks across Africa have been faced with forceful mergers and acquisitions. These occurrences impede the level of financial inclusion and reduces public confidence in the financial system as a whole. This study assessed the effect of credit and operational risk on the financial performance of universal banks in the context of the structural equation model (SEM). Data were collected from all the 24 universal banks in Ghana without missing variables and using the PLS-SEM, the results showed that credit risk influences financial performance negatively contrary to the empirical study but in line with the information asymmetry tenant of the lemon theory. It was also found that operational risk influences the financial performance of the universal banks in Ghana negatively. Furthermore, the study indicated that bank specific variables measured by (asset quality, bank leverage, cost to income ratio and liquidity) significantly influence credit risk, operational risk as well as the financial performance of the universal banks positively. We recommend that banks be encouraged to cut-down their lending rates in other to decrease credit risk and subsequently boost profitability. Regarding operational risk, banks should reduce leverage and have their portfolio more concentrated on liquid investment income so as to boost profitability.

Suggested Citation

  • Samuel Gameli Gadzo & Holy Kwabla Kportorgbi & John Gartchie Gatsi, 2019. "Credit risk and operational risk on financial performance of universal banks in Ghana: A partial least squared structural equation model (PLS SEM) approach," Cogent Economics & Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 7(1), pages 1589406-158, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:oaefxx:v:7:y:2019:i:1:p:1589406
    DOI: 10.1080/23322039.2019.1589406
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    Cited by:

    1. Subhan, M. Nuruddin, 2021. "Analysis of Banking Risk, Good Corporate Governance, Capital and Earning Influences on the Indonesia’s Commercial Bank Performances," OSF Preprints vqm9y, Center for Open Science.
    2. Aleksandra Fedajev & Danijela Pantović & Isidora Milošević & Tamara Vesić & Aleksandra Jovanović & Magdalena Radulescu & Maria Cristina Stefan, 2023. "Evaluating the Outcomes of Monetary and Fiscal Policies in the EU in Times of Crisis: A PLS-SEM Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-14, May.
    3. Josiah Aduda & Stephen Obondy, 2021. "Credit Risk Management and Efficiency of Savings and Credit Cooperative Societies: A Review of Literature," Journal of Applied Finance & Banking, SCIENPRESS Ltd, vol. 11(1), pages 1-7.
    4. Jamalludin Helmi, Faten Fatihah, 2019. "Volkswagen Company’s Corporate Governance and Liquidity Risk," MPRA Paper 97265, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    5. Ling, Coco Siu Yin, 2019. "Financial risk and its performance: A study on Apollo Food Holdings Berhad in Malaysia," MPRA Paper 97889, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 18 Nov 2019.
    6. Doddy Ariefianto, Moch. & Trinugroho, Irwan & Yustika, Ahmad Erani, 2024. "Diversification, capital buffer, ownership and credit risk management in microfinance: An investigation on Indonesian rural banks," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 69(C).
    7. Hai Long Pham & Kevin James Daly, 2020. "The Impact of BASEL Accords on the Management of Vietnamese Commercial Banks," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-13, September.
    8. Hussien Mohsen Ahmed & Sherif Ismail El-Halaby & Hebatallah Ahmed Soliman, 2022. "The consequence of the credit risk on the financial performance in light of COVID-19: Evidence from Islamic versus conventional banks across MEA region," Future Business Journal, Springer, vol. 8(1), pages 1-22, December.
    9. Zi Wei, Ch'ng, 2019. "The Impacts Of Firm-Specific Factors And Macroeconomics Factors Towards Adobe’S Performance," MPRA Paper 97246, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 15 Nov 2019.
    10. Uddin, Md Hamid & Mollah, Sabur & Islam, Nazrul & Ali, Md Hakim, 2023. "Does digital transformation matter for operational risk exposure?," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 197(C).
    11. Mehmood, Asad & De Luca, Francesco, 2023. "How does non-interest income affect bank credit risk? Evidence before and during the COVID-19 pandemic," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 53(C).
    12. Gerhard Philip Maree Grebe & Johan Marx, 2023. "The Perceived Relationship between Risk Culture and Operational Risk Management Practices of Ghanaian Banks," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-22, September.

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