The influence of managerial characteristics on external financing preferences in smaller enterprises. The case of Malaysian micro-sized enterprises

Previous studies have identified various factors underlying firm financing structure especially in large firms. However, few have attempted to document the reasons for financing preferences among microenterprises in developing countries. Employing a managerial-based theory, this study explores the financing preferences of microenterprises and factors that influence their preference towards external financing. Based on 310 valid replies to a questionnaire survey conducted among Malaysian microenterprises, it finds a clear financing hierarchy where internal funding sources are preferred to external finance. It also underscores the important role of external financing sources. Applying structural equation modelling, the study demonstrates that information on external financing, level of internal funding, growth intention, networking ties and owner’s experience exert significant effects on external financing preferences. In addition, business age and the relative location of a business from banks and/or finance agencies appear to have a significant confounding influence on the results. The empirical evidence contributes to the limited but growing literature on financing preferences by revealing the simultaneous effects of managerial characteristics on financing preferences in the context of microenterprises.