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Exploring the relationships between maritime connectivity, international trade and domestic production

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  • Naima Saeed
  • Kevin Cullinane
  • Sigbjørn Sødal

Abstract

The objective of this paper is to simultaneously analyse the complex relationships between bilateral maritime connectivity, bilateral trade and domestic production as measured by gross domestic product (GDP) per capita. This is achieved by applying non-recursive models and Path Analysis (PA). The top ten best maritime connected countries and their 155 trading partners are selected for the analysis. The components of maritime connectivity, maritime distance, and gravity variables are selected as instrumental variables to analyse the reciprocal relationship between export/import of ten countries and the GDP per capita of their 155 trading partners. The results confirm the reciprocal relationship between export values (that are the import values of trading partners) and GDP per capita, whereas a reciprocal relationship between import values (that are the export values of trading partners) and GDP per capita does not exist. The results also confirm the complexity of the relationships between maritime connectivity, trade and economic growth and that, compared to components of maritime connectivity, none of the gravity variables have a positive impact on bilateral trade. The results suggest that economic policy and trade policy at the global, regional, and national level should recognize the need for, and foster, better maritime connectivity.

Suggested Citation

  • Naima Saeed & Kevin Cullinane & Sigbjørn Sødal, 2021. "Exploring the relationships between maritime connectivity, international trade and domestic production," Maritime Policy & Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 48(4), pages 497-511, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:marpmg:v:48:y:2021:i:4:p:497-511
    DOI: 10.1080/03088839.2020.1802783
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    Cited by:

    1. Yap, Wei Yim & Hsieh, Cheng-Hsien & Lee, Paul Tae-Woo, 2023. "Shipping connectivity data analytics: Implications for maritime policy," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 112-127.
    2. Enock Kojo Ayesu, 2023. "Boosting intra-African trade performance: the role of maritime transport logistics," SN Business & Economics, Springer, vol. 3(8), pages 1-18, August.
    3. Guo, Liquan & Jiang, Changmin & Hou, Weilu & Ng, Adolf K.Y. & Shi, Qin, 2024. "International multimodal transport connectivity assessment of multimodal transport from mainland China to Europe," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 186(C).
    4. Li, Weijun & Bai, Xiwen & Yang, Dong & Hou, Yao, 2023. "Maritime connectivity, transport infrastructure expansion and economic growth: A global perspective," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 170(C).
    5. del Rosal, Ignacio & Moura, Ticiana Grecco Zanon, 2022. "The effect of shipping connectivity on seaborne containerised export flows," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 118(C), pages 143-151.
    6. Samia Bouazza & Zoubida Benmamoun & Hanaa Hachimi, 2023. "Maritime Bilateral Connectivity Analysis for Sustainable Maritime Growth: Case of Morocco," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-23, March.

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