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Exports and the shadow economy: Non-linear effects

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  • Phuc Nguyen Canh
  • Su Dinh Thanh

Abstract

This study is the first attempt to investigate the non-linear impacts of export diversification and export quality on the shadow economy. Using a global sample of 116 countries over the period 2003–2014 and applying for panel econometric techniques, we find that the effects of export diversification and export quality are nonlinear on the shadow economy, respectively. The non-linear effects are also consistently found for low- and middle-income economies and high-income economies. The results are robust through different measures of shadow economy and control variables. Our findings show that this is a tipping point in the relationship of export diversification and export quality with the shadow economy. That is, when moving beyond the tipping point, both export diversification and export quality could reduce the shadow economy. This implies that trade liberalization towards export diversification and export quality is an important factor for curbing the shadow economy.

Suggested Citation

  • Phuc Nguyen Canh & Su Dinh Thanh, 2020. "Exports and the shadow economy: Non-linear effects," The Journal of International Trade & Economic Development, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 29(7), pages 865-890, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:jitecd:v:29:y:2020:i:7:p:865-890
    DOI: 10.1080/09638199.2020.1759676
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    Cited by:

    1. Estevão, João & Lopes, José Dias & Penela, Daniela, 2022. "The importance of the business environment for the informal economy: Evidence from the Doing Business ranking," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 174(C).
    2. Canh Phuc Nguyen & Thanh Dinh Su, 2022. "Export Dynamics and Income Inequality: New Evidence on Export Quality," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 163(3), pages 1063-1113, October.
    3. Mohd Ziaur Rehman & Shabeer Khan & Mohsin Ali & Faheem Ur Rehman & Wadi B. Alonazi & Mohammed Aljuaid, 2022. "Advance Dynamic Panel Second-Generation Two-Step System Generalized Method of Movement Modeling: Applications in Economic Stability-Shadow Economy Nexus with a Special Case of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-16, December.
    4. Nguyen, Canh Phuc, 2022. "Does economic complexity matter for the shadow economy?," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 210-227.
    5. Huong, Tran Thi Lan & Ha, Le Thanh, 2023. "A comprehensive analysis of the correlation between foreign aid and energy security in emerging countries: Does institutional quality matter?," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 952-968.
    6. Rapih, Subroto & Susantiningrum, & Wahyono, Budi & Borges, Jorge Tavares & Phongsounthone, Somesanook, 2023. "Financial openness and fintech credit," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 56(C).
    7. Ul-Durar, Shajara & Arshed, Noman & Anwar, Awais & Sharif, Arshian & Liu, Wei, 2023. "How does economic complexity affect natural resource extraction in resource rich countries?," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 86(PB).
    8. Isaac Ketu & Arsene Mouongue Kelly & Jules-Eric Tchapchet Tchouto, 2024. "Does economic complexity reduce the size of the shadow economy in African countries?," SN Business & Economics, Springer, vol. 4(1), pages 1-27, January.
    9. Canh, Nguyen Phuc & Schinckus, Christophe & Thanh, Su Dinh & Chong, Felicia Hui Ling, 2021. "The determinants of the energy consumption: A shadow economy-based perspective," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 225(C).
    10. Canh, Nguyen Phuc & Schinckus, Christophe & Thanh, Su Dinh, 2020. "The natural resources rents: Is economic complexity a solution for resource curse?," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 69(C).
    11. Canh P. Nguyen & Christophe Schinckus & Dinh Su Thanh, 2020. "Economic Fluctuations And The Shadow Economy: A Global Study," Global Economy Journal (GEJ), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 20(03), pages 1-24, September.

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