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Human capital and exports: A micro-level analysis of transition countries

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  • Arta Mulliqi
  • Nick Adnett
  • Mehtap Hisarciklilar

Abstract

This paper investigates the impact of human capital endowments on export intensity employing firm-level data for 29 transition economies. A particular focus is placed on comparing and contrasting Central and Eastern Europe countries (CEECs) with those from the former Soviet Union, the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). The impact of the share of employees with higher education, provision of on-the-job training, years of experience of the top manager and labour cost on export intensity is assessed. To test these relationships, Tobit and Fractional Logit approaches are adopted. The estimation results suggest that, overall, having a more educated workforce exerts a positive impact on the export intensity of firms in transition economies, the magnitude being larger for CEECs. Average labour cost, as an alternative measure, also turns out to exert a positive but stronger impact. Insufficient evidence is found of a role for training programmes and years of experience of the top manager.

Suggested Citation

  • Arta Mulliqi & Nick Adnett & Mehtap Hisarciklilar, 2019. "Human capital and exports: A micro-level analysis of transition countries," The Journal of International Trade & Economic Development, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 28(7), pages 775-800, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:jitecd:v:28:y:2019:i:7:p:775-800
    DOI: 10.1080/09638199.2019.1603319
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    Cited by:

    1. Shokhrukh Khasanov & Masato Hiwatari, 2025. "Firm productivity and manufacturing exports in transition economies: An institutional and trade geography perspective," International Economics and Economic Policy, Springer, vol. 22(1), pages 1-30, February.
    2. Wu, Lichao & Wei, Yingqi & Wang, Chengang, 2021. "Disentangling the effects of business groups in the innovation-export relationship," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 50(1).
    3. Bierut, Beata K. & Dybka, Piotr, 2021. "Increase versus transformation of exports through technological and institutional innovation: Evidence from Bayesian model averaging," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 99(C).
    4. Tjaša Bartolj, 2023. "Should Firms Strive for the Educational Diversity of the Workforce? Estimation of the Impact of Firms’ Educational Structure on Sales Growth and Exports," SAGE Open, , vol. 13(1), pages 21582440231, February.
    5. Wu, Lichao & Wei, Yingqi & Wang, Chengang & McDonald, Frank & Han, Xia, 2022. "The importance of institutional and financial resources for export performance associated with technological innovation," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 185(C).

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