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Interactions between trade and environmental policies in the Czech Republic

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  • Olga Kiuila

Abstract

The Czech Republic is obliged to implement pollution charges in accordance with the EU environmental policy. The charges may affect international competitiveness of the country, since they are applied to the domestically produced, but not to the imported commodities. We investigate how such environmental taxation of six main pollutants affects the Czech competitiveness. Using computable general equilibrium modeling with bottom-up approach, we consider a small-open economy with endogenous unemployment and ten types of taxes. A distinction between taxes on products and taxes on production is essential for analysis of a fiscal policy. Emissions reduction is possible in our model either through substitution with less polluting inputs, or a reduction of output, or through technical abatement. The last channel for emission reduction is ignored by other studies. The results show that the imports should not be affected by the tax reform, except for coal. Exports will increase in the non-energy-intensive and the biomass industries, but it will decrease in the chemical, the coal, and the metal industries. The overall effect on the trade balance is slightly negative. We conclude that investments in energy-saving technologies are necessary in order to preserve international competitiveness.

Suggested Citation

  • Olga Kiuila, 2015. "Interactions between trade and environmental policies in the Czech Republic," The Journal of International Trade & Economic Development, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 24(7), pages 1014-1035, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:jitecd:v:24:y:2015:i:7:p:1014-1035
    DOI: 10.1080/09638199.2014.995208
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    Cited by:

    1. Jung‐Ah Hwang & Yeonbae Kim, 2017. "Effects of Environmental Regulations on Trade Flow in Manufacturing Sectors: Comparison of Static and Dynamic Effects of Environmental Regulations," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 26(5), pages 688-706, July.
    2. Fozia Latif Gill & K Kuperan Viswanathan & Mohd Zaini Abdul Karim, 2018. "The Critical Review of the Pollution Haven Hypothesis (PHH)," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 8(1), pages 167-174.
    3. Martin Stepanek, 2022. "Sectoral Impacts of International Labour Migration and Population Ageing in the Czech Republic," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 60(2), pages 375-400, August.
    4. Olga Kiuila & Anil Markandya & Milan Ščasný, 2019. "Taxing air pollutants and carbon individually or jointly: results from a CGE model enriched by an emission abatement sector," Economic Systems Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 31(1), pages 21-43, January.
    5. Katerina GAWTHORPE, 2020. "Heterogeneous VAT taxation in the Czech economy," Eastern Journal of European Studies, Centre for European Studies, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, vol. 11, pages 132-159, December.
    6. Muhlis Can & Jan Brusselaers & Mehmet Mercan, 2022. "The effect of export composition on energy demand: A fresh evidence in the context of economic complexity," Review of Development Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 26(2), pages 687-703, May.

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