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A spatial analysis of air pollution and environmental inequality in Beijing, 2000–2010

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  • Jing Ma
  • Bochu Liu
  • Gordon Mitchell
  • Guanpeng Dong

Abstract

Whilst air pollution is a major problem in China, little is known about how it is distributed socially and how such distributions are changing over time. We use a fine-grained population census and air quality data for 2000 and 2010 to explore socio-spatial and temporal inequalities in air pollution for Beijing, using distributional analyses and spatial regression models. We find that environmental inequalities exist with respect to measures of social disadvantage, such as hukou migrant status, very young children (0–4 years), and the elderly (≥65 years). Our temporal analysis reveals that environmental inequality increases for migrants and the elderly, who bear a disproportionate and increasing share of declining air quality from 2000 to 2010. Regression results emphasise the spatial and temporal variations in environmental inequality, as the associations between air pollution and social demographics differ between different urban zones of Beijing; and their geographic patterns change significantly over time.

Suggested Citation

  • Jing Ma & Bochu Liu & Gordon Mitchell & Guanpeng Dong, 2019. "A spatial analysis of air pollution and environmental inequality in Beijing, 2000–2010," Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 62(14), pages 2437-2458, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:jenpmg:v:62:y:2019:i:14:p:2437-2458
    DOI: 10.1080/09640568.2018.1560003
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    Cited by:

    1. Huichen Gao & Shijuan Wang, 2022. "The Intellectual Structure of Research on Rural-to-Urban Migrants: A Bibliometric Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-19, August.
    2. Daniel J. Hicks, 2020. "Census Demographics and Chlorpyrifos Use in California’s Central Valley, 2011–15: A Distributional Environmental Justice Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(7), pages 1-20, April.
    3. Chakraborti, Lopamudra & Shimshack, Jay P., 2022. "Environmental disparities in urban Mexico: Evidence from toxic water pollution," Resource and Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 67(C).
    4. Zhuoran Shan & Hongfei Li & Haolan Pan & Man Yuan & Shen Xu, 2022. "Spatial Equity of PM 2.5 Pollution Exposures in High-Density Metropolitan Areas Based on Remote Sensing, LBS and GIS Data: A Case Study in Wuhan, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-22, October.
    5. Zheng, Shiming & Yao, Rongrong & Zou, Ke, 2022. "Provincial environmental inequality in China: Measurement, influence, and policy instrument choice," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 200(C).

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