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Is this trail too crowded? A choice experiment to evaluate tradeoffs and preferences of park visitors in Garibaldi Park, British Columbia

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  • Regan Kohlhardt
  • Jordi Honey-Rosés
  • Sergio Fernandez Lozada
  • Wolfgang Haider
  • Mark Stevens

Abstract

Large crowds in parks can be a problem for park managers and visitors. However, perceptions of crowding are difficult to measure due to coping mechanisms deployed by park visitors. Furthermore, perceptions of crowding should not be measured in isolation, but rather as part of a suite of conditions that comprise the visitors’ outdoor experience. We used a dichotomous choice experiment with visual images and eight attributes to estimate park users’ utilities associated with their visitor experience in Garibaldi Provincial Park in British Columbia, Canada. Our visual method allowed us to control for background view and compare user preferences on hiking trails with preferences at final destinations. We find that utilities are more sensitive to crowding at viewpoints than to other aspects of the outdoor experience. Thus, visitor satisfaction and crowding perceptions are more likely to be defined by where visitors have these encounters rather than the total number of encounters.

Suggested Citation

  • Regan Kohlhardt & Jordi Honey-Rosés & Sergio Fernandez Lozada & Wolfgang Haider & Mark Stevens, 2018. "Is this trail too crowded? A choice experiment to evaluate tradeoffs and preferences of park visitors in Garibaldi Park, British Columbia," Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 61(1), pages 1-24, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:jenpmg:v:61:y:2018:i:1:p:1-24
    DOI: 10.1080/09640568.2017.1284047
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    Cited by:

    1. Rosa Marina González & Concepción Román & Ángel Simón Marrero, 2018. "Visitors’ Attitudes towards Bicycle Use in the Teide National Park," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-18, September.
    2. Kularatne, Thamarasi & Wilson, Clevo & Lee, Boon & Hoang, Viet-Ngu, 2021. "Tourists’ before and after experience valuations: A unique choice experiment with policy implications for the nature-based tourism industry," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 529-543.
    3. Ziye Shang & Jian Ming Luo, 2022. "Topic Modeling for Hiking Trail Online Reviews: Analysis of the Mutianyu Great Wall," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-16, March.
    4. Yoon, Tae Kyung & Myeong, Ji Yong & Lee, Yuju & Choi, Yun Eui & Lee, Seonghun & Lee, Sugwang & Byun, Chaeho, 2024. "Are you okay with overtourism in forests? Path between crowding perception, satisfaction, and management action of trail visitors in South Korea," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 161(C).
    5. Jordi Honey-Rosés & Oscar Zapata, 2023. "Green Spaces with Fewer People Improve Self-Reported Affective Experience and Mood," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(2), pages 1-10, January.

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