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Transformation of the Rural Economy in the Philippines, 1988--2006

Author

Listed:
  • Charity Gay Ramos
  • Jonna Estudillo
  • Yasuyuki Sawada
  • Keijiro Otsuka

Abstract

This research explores the changing structure of the rural economy in the Philippines from 1988 to 2006. We found that the expansion and upgrade of infrastructure such as electricity and roads and investment in secondary and tertiary education are important factors that induced the economic transformation of the rural economy. The importance of higher education as an entry requirement to the nonfarm labor market has declined over time, indicating that the rural nonfarm sector has been increasingly providing employment opportunities to the unskilled and the uneducated, who form the bulk of the rural poor.

Suggested Citation

  • Charity Gay Ramos & Jonna Estudillo & Yasuyuki Sawada & Keijiro Otsuka, 2012. "Transformation of the Rural Economy in the Philippines, 1988--2006," Journal of Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 48(11), pages 1629-1648, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:48:y:2012:i:11:p:1629-1648
    DOI: 10.1080/00220388.2012.716151
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Hayami, The late Yujiro & Godo, Yoshihisa, 2005. "Development Economics: From the Poverty to the Wealth of Nations," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, edition 3, number 9780199272716.
    2. World Bank, 2008. "World Development Indicators 2008," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 11855.
    3. World Bank, 2009. "World Development Indicators 2009," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 4367.
    4. Haggblade, Steven & Hazell, Peter B. R. & Reardon, Thomas Anthony (ed.), 2007. "Transforming the rural nonfarm economy: Opportunities and threats in the developing world," IFPRI books, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), number 978-0-8018-8664-5.
    5. World Bank, 2008. "World Development Indicators 2008," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 28241.
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    Cited by:

    1. Nandika S. Kumanayake & Jonna P. Estudillo & Keijiro Otsuka, 2014. "Changing Sources of Household Income, Poverty, and Sectoral Inequality in Sri Lanka, 1990–2006," The Developing Economies, Institute of Developing Economies, vol. 52(1), pages 26-51, March.
    2. Jonna P. Estudillo & Keijiro Otsuka & Saygnasak Seng-Arloun, 2015. "Pathways out of poverty in rural Laos," Working Papers e094, Tokyo Center for Economic Research.
    3. Katsushi S. Imai & Bilal Malaeb & Fabrizio Bresciani, 2016. "Remittances, Growth and Poverty Reduction in Asia - A Critical Review of the Literature and the New Evidence from Cross-country Panel Data," Discussion Paper Series DP2016-28, Research Institute for Economics & Business Administration, Kobe University.
    4. Sadeghi, Azin & Zhunusova, Eliza & Günter, Sven & Dieter, Matthias, 2023. "Households' livelihood in restricted forest landscapes: What is the impact of contextual factors?," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 154(C).

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