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Determinants of foreign direct investment of OECD countries 1991-2001

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  • Michael Gast
  • Roland Herrmann

Abstract

It is the objective of this paper to identify the determinants that led to the increase in worldwide foreign direct investment during the 1990s. The paper also addresses the question of whether these factors influenced exports differently. Therefore, using data from 22 countries reporting to the OECD, gravity models for bilateral FDI stocks/flows and exports are estimated, first in a cross-section setting for 1999 and then as a panel data set for the period 1991-2001. In order to control for EU-specific effects, a distinction is made between intra-EU25 observations and observations outside the EU25 area. Regressions are repeated with exports as a dependent variable in order to elaborate how far determinants of trade flows are identical or how far they differ. In the panel context, the results show that a change in total market size is an important aspect that leads both FDI and exports in the same direction. Only exports are significantly influenced by relative market size. Stock market booms boost FDI but not exports. Political indicators and exchange rate changes suggest that exports are demand-driven while FDI is supply-driven. Overall, FDI and exports tended to flow relatively less abundantly to distant countries than to nearby countries over the period under consideration. This supports the idea of a complementary relationship between investment and trade. However, this trend is reversed for exports within the EU25 area.

Suggested Citation

  • Michael Gast & Roland Herrmann, 2008. "Determinants of foreign direct investment of OECD countries 1991-2001," International Economic Journal, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 22(4), pages 509-524.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:intecj:v:22:y:2008:i:4:p:509-524
    DOI: 10.1080/10168730802497601
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Muhammad Ullah & Kazuo Inaba, 2014. "Liberalization and FDI Performance: Evidence from ASEAN and SAFTA Member Countries," Journal of Economic Structures, Springer;Pan-Pacific Association of Input-Output Studies (PAPAIOS), vol. 3(1), pages 1-24, December.
    2. Piteli, Eleni E.N., 2009. "Foreign Direct Investment in Developed Economies: A Comparison between European and non - European Countries," Papers DYNREG44, Economic and Social Research Institute (ESRI).
    3. Mehmet H. TOPAL & Özlem S. GÜL, 2016. "The Effect of Country Risk on Foreign Direct Investment: A Dynamic Panel Data Analysis for Developing Countries," Journal of Economics Library, KSP Journals, vol. 3(1), pages 141-155, March.
    4. Saleh, Ali Salman & Anh Nguyen, Thi Lan & Vinen, Denis & Safari, Arsalan, 2017. "A new theoretical framework to assess Multinational Corporations’ motivation for Foreign Direct Investment: A case study on Vietnamese service industries," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 630-644.
    5. Mr. Alexander Culiuc, 2014. "Determinants of International Tourism," IMF Working Papers 2014/082, International Monetary Fund.

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