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Fair Value or Cost Model? Drivers of Choice for IAS 40 in the Real Estate Industry

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  • A. Quagli
  • F. Avallone

Abstract

The IFRS mandatory adoption in European countries is an excellent context from which to assess the validity of accounting choice theory, which postulates that information asymmetry, contractual efficiency (agency costs) and managerial opportunism reasons could drive the choice. With this aim, we test the impact of these factors to explain the adoption of fair value for investment properties (IAS 40) in the real estate industry, taking into account the 'revaluation' option offered by IFRS1 and using historical cost without revaluations as a baseline category for comparison purposes. We select a sample of European real estate companies from Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Spain and Sweden, all first-time adopters of the IFRS. Using a multinomial logistic model, we show that information asymmetry, contractual efficiency and managerial opportunism could account for the fair value choice. Particularly, the most significant findings are that size as a proxy of political costs reduces the likelihood of using fair value while market-to-book ratio is negatively associated with the fair value choice. On the other hand, leverage, another typical proxy of contracting costs, seems not to influence the choice. This evidence confirms the current validity of traditional accounting choice theory even if it reveals, in such a context, the irrelevance of the usual relations between accounting choice and leverage.

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  • A. Quagli & F. Avallone, 2010. "Fair Value or Cost Model? Drivers of Choice for IAS 40 in the Real Estate Industry," European Accounting Review, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 19(3), pages 461-493.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:euract:v:19:y:2010:i:3:p:461-493
    DOI: 10.1080/09638180.2010.496547
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    Cited by:

    1. De George, Emmanuel T. & Li, Xi & Shivakumar, Lakshmanan, 2016. "A review of the IFRS adoption literature," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 67599, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    2. Gerrit Brosel & Martin Toll & Mario Zimmermann, 2012. "Lessons learned from the financial crisis - unveiling alternative approaches within valuation and accounting theory," FINANCIAL REPORTING, FrancoAngeli Editore, vol. 2012(4), pages 87-107.
    3. Emmanuel T. De George & Xi Li & Lakshmanan Shivakumar, 2016. "A review of the IFRS adoption literature," Review of Accounting Studies, Springer, vol. 21(3), pages 898-1004, September.
    4. Sundgren, Stefan & Mäki, Juha & Somoza-López, Antonio, 2018. "Analyst Coverage, Market Liquidity and Disclosure Quality: A Study of Fair-value Disclosures by European Real Estate Companies Under IAS 40 and IFRS 13," The International Journal of Accounting, Elsevier, vol. 53(1), pages 54-75.
    5. Mohammad Saleh Altarawneh, 2023. "How Company Characteristics Influence Measurement Practices and Disclosure Level Prescribed within IAS 41," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-34, May.
    6. Olante, Maria Elena & Lassini, Ugo, 2022. "Investment property: Fair value or cost model? Recent evidence from the application of IAS 40 in Europe," Advances in accounting, Elsevier, vol. 56(C).
    7. Marco Fasan & Carlo Marcon, 2018. "Accounting Choice under IFRS: The Role of Accounting Tradition and Managerial Opportunism," International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting, Finance and Management Sciences, Human Resource Management Academic Research Society, International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting, Finance and Management Sciences, vol. 8(3), pages 209-223, July.
    8. Nobes, Christopher & Stadler, Christian, 2018. "Investigating international differences in financial reporting: Data problems and some proposed solutions," The British Accounting Review, Elsevier, vol. 50(6), pages 602-614.
    9. Veiga, José & Fernandes, Joaquim & Gonçalves, Cristina & Andraz, Georgette, 2015. "The Relevance of Fair Value Across Countries: Firms Listed in Lisbon and Madrid Stock Exchange," Journal of Tourism, Sustainability and Well-being, Cinturs - Research Centre for Tourism, Sustainability and Well-being, University of Algarve, vol. 3(1), pages 78-95.
    10. Goulding, Richard & Haslam, Colin & Leaver, Adam & Silver, Jonathan, 2024. "A ‘Distributional Apparatus’ for real estate: Fair value accounting and the assetization of UK property," CRITICAL PERSPECTIVES ON ACCOUNTING, Elsevier, vol. 99(C).
    11. Chinmoy Ghosh & Mingwei Liang & Milena T Petrova, 2020. "The Effect of Fair Value Method Adoption: Evidence from Real Estate Firms in the EU," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 60(1), pages 205-237, February.
    12. Salvatore Madonna & Greta Cestari & Francesca Giuliani, 2021. "Asset revaluation: scelte manageriali in tempo di crisi," MANAGEMENT CONTROL, FrancoAngeli Editore, vol. 2021(3), pages 41-64.
    13. Lin, Yi-Hung & Lin, Steve & Fornaro, James M. & Huang, Hua-Wei Solomon, 2017. "Fair value measurement and accounting restatements," Advances in accounting, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 30-45.
    14. Marco Fasan & Carlo Marcon, 2014. "Accounting Tradition and other drivers of the Fair Value choice: An Opportunistic Management perspective," Working Papers 13, Venice School of Management - Department of Management, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia.
    15. Crisan Sorana Adina, 2013. "Can Asset Revaluation Be Manipulative? - A Case Study," Annals of Faculty of Economics, University of Oradea, Faculty of Economics, vol. 1(1), pages 1198-1209, July.
    16. Rute Gonçalves & Patrícia Lopes, 2015. "Accounting in Agriculture: Measurement practices of listed firms," FEP Working Papers 557, Universidade do Porto, Faculdade de Economia do Porto.
    17. Johannes Thesing & Patrick Velte, 2021. "Do fair value measurements affect accounting-based earnings quality? A literature review with a focus on corporate governance as moderator," Journal of Business Economics, Springer, vol. 91(7), pages 965-1004, September.
    18. Liao, Lin & Yao, Daifei (Troy) & Kang, Helen & Morris, Richard D., 2020. "The impact of legal efficacy on value relevance of the three-level fair value measurement hierarchy," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 59(C).
    19. Blanca Iris Vega Castro & Pedro González Cerrud, 2016. "Professional judgment in selecting the hierarchy of fair value in Latin American companies," Contaduría y Administración, Accounting and Management, vol. 61(3), pages 441-455, Julio-Sep.
    20. Pinto, Inês, 2013. "Asset value management in the Portuguese real estate sector," Journal of International Accounting, Auditing and Taxation, Elsevier, vol. 22(2), pages 86-97.
    21. Juha Mäki & Antonio Somoza-Lopez & Stefan Sundgren, 2016. "Ownership Structure and Accounting Method Choice: A Study of European Real Estate Companies," Accounting in Europe, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 13(1), pages 1-19, April.
    22. Lambert Jerman, 2015. "Les Enjeux De L'Application Des Normes Ias-Ifrs : L'Etude Des Preparateurs Des Comptes, Une Perspective De Recherche Encore Inexploree," Post-Print hal-01188736, HAL.

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