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Mergers and innovation: evidence from a panel of US firms

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  • Mahdiyeh Entezarkheir
  • Saeed Moshiri

Abstract

Mergers lead to larger firms and a less competitive market structure, but their effects on innovation are not clear. Mergers may improve innovation incentives by promoting economies of scope and scale, R&D activities, and increasing the ability to deal with uncertainties. However, mergers may also discourage innovation by reducing competition, increasing costs, and decreasing production and R&D efficiencies. In this study, we investigate merger impacts on innovation using a panel data consisting of four different data sets on publicly traded US manufacturing firms from 1980 to 2003. Our proxy for innovation is based on citation-weighted patent stocks. In our estimation model, we control for endogeneity using instrumental variables and factors such as market share, size, industry, and time. We find that mergers are positively and significantly correlated with firms’ innovation. Our findings also indicate that merger effect on innovation is heterogeneous across industries, increases with market share, and is greater in the long run. Our findings are robust to alternative measures of innovation.

Suggested Citation

  • Mahdiyeh Entezarkheir & Saeed Moshiri, 2018. "Mergers and innovation: evidence from a panel of US firms," Economics of Innovation and New Technology, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 27(2), pages 132-153, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:ecinnt:v:27:y:2018:i:2:p:132-153
    DOI: 10.1080/10438599.2017.1319094
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Stephanie Lange & Marcus Wagner, 2021. "The influence of exploratory versus exploitative acquisitions on innovation output in the biotechnology industry," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 56(2), pages 659-680, February.
    2. Tianxu Jiang & Min Zhu, 2021. "The impact of innovation on companies’ cross-border mergers and acquisitions: evidence from China," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 55(3), pages 969-991, June.
    3. Qiao, Lu & Dong, Weijia & Lv, Xin, 2023. "The heterogeneous impacts of M&As on renewable energy firms’ innovation: Comparative analysis of China, the US and EU," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 87(C), pages 306-323.
    4. Basant, Rakesh & Jaiswal, Neha, 2022. "Impact of Mergers and Acquisitions on Innovation: Evidence from a Panel of Indian Pharmaceutical Firms," IIMA Working Papers WP 2022-01-01, Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad, Research and Publication Department.
    5. Fuller, Caleb S. & Pusateri, Nicholas R., 2018. "A holistic approach to merger models with an emphasis on heterogeneity," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 260-273.
    6. Nobuyuki Takashima & Yasunori Ouchida, 2020. "Quality‐improving R&D and merger policy in a differentiated duopoly: Cournot and Bertrand equilibria," Managerial and Decision Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 41(7), pages 1338-1348, October.
    7. Wojciech Grabowski & Anna Staszewska-Bystrova, 2020. "The Role of Public Support for Innovativeness in SMEs Across European Countries and Sectors of Economic Activity," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-19, May.
    8. Andrea Orame & Daniele Pianeselli, 2023. "Thinking the green transition: evidence from the automotive industry," Questioni di Economia e Finanza (Occasional Papers) 767, Bank of Italy, Economic Research and International Relations Area.
    9. Mahdiyeh Entezarkheir & Saeed Moshiri, 2019. "Is innovation a factor in merger decisions? Evidence from a panel of US firms," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 57(5), pages 1783-1809, November.
    10. Bennato, Anna Rita & Davies, Stephen & Mariuzzo, Franco & Ormosi, Peter, 2021. "Mergers and innovation: Evidence from the hard disk drive market," International Journal of Industrial Organization, Elsevier, vol. 77(C).
    11. Haucap, Justus & Stiebale, Joel, 2023. "Non-price effects of mergers and acquisitions," DICE Discussion Papers 402, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf Institute for Competition Economics (DICE).
    12. Anna Rita Bennato & Stephen Davies & Franco Mariuzzo & Peter Ormosi, 2019. "Mergers and Innovation: Evidence from the Hard Disk Drive Market," Working Paper series, University of East Anglia, Centre for Competition Policy (CCP) 2018-04v3, Centre for Competition Policy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK..
    13. Mahdiyeh Entezarkheir & Saeed Moshiri, 2021. "Innovation spillover and merger decisions," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 61(5), pages 2419-2448, November.

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