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Tourism-conservation enterprises for community livelihoods and biodiversity conservation in Kenya

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  • Rita Wairimu Nthiga
  • Ren� Van der Duim
  • Ingrid J Visseren-Hamakers
  • Machiel Lamers

Abstract

Tourism-conservation enterprises (TCEs), such as eco-lodges, are a relatively new strategy of the African Wildlife Foundation for enhancing community livelihoods and wildlife conservation in wildlife-rich areas outside state-protected areas in sub-Saharan Africa. This article investigates the extent to which TCEs succeed in meeting these objectives by focusing on two enterprises in Kenya: the Sanctuary at Ol Lentille and the Koija Starbeds. Empirical data were gathered between October 2010 and March 2013 through semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, literature review and document analysis. Both TCEs demonstrated significant contributions to employment, education, healthcare and security. Compared with the Starbeds, the Sanctuary realised a much larger conservation area and more pronounced biodiversity recovery. The analysis showed that the contribution of TCEs to livelihoods and biodiversity conservation depends on the nature of the partnership arrangement, as well as the local, national and international contexts in which they operate.

Suggested Citation

  • Rita Wairimu Nthiga & Ren� Van der Duim & Ingrid J Visseren-Hamakers & Machiel Lamers, 2015. "Tourism-conservation enterprises for community livelihoods and biodiversity conservation in Kenya," Development Southern Africa, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 32(3), pages 407-423, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:deveza:v:32:y:2015:i:3:p:407-423
    DOI: 10.1080/0376835X.2015.1016217
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    Cited by:

    1. Sara Silva & Luís Filipe Silva & António Vieira, 2023. "Protected Areas and Nature-Based Tourism: A 30-Year Bibliometric Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-25, July.
    2. Tania P Romero-Brito & Ralf C Buckley & Jason Byrne, 2016. "NGO Partnerships in Using Ecotourism for Conservation: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(11), pages 1-19, November.
    3. Nina Berman, 2021. "Environmental Education Catalyzed by Tourism: Ecoliteracy Initiatives on the Coast of Kenya," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-21, July.

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