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New drivers of conflict in Nigeria: an analysis of the clashes between farmers and pastoralists

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  • Olayinka Ajala

Abstract

In the last few years, several African countries have witnessed an increase in conflict between pastoralists and sedentary farmers and among pastoralist groups. While issues such as climate change, desertification, regional conflicts, population expansion, trafficking and terrorism have been highlighted as the reasons for the surge in violence, none of these issues fully explain the increased use of small and light weapons by several pastoralist groups and sedentary farmers. This article explores the changes in the dynamics of cattle ownership, termed neo-pastoralism, as a possible explanation for the increase in armed clashes between the groups. The article explains how traditional pastoralism is gradually giving way to neo-pastoralism, a form of pastoralism which involves larger herds and increased use of arms and ammunitions. Nigeria is used as a case study to explore these new patterns of conflict due to having the largest number of cattle in the sub-Saharan Africa region and the scale of the conflict in the country. This article is based on field research and interviews carried out in Nigeria between 2013 and 2019.

Suggested Citation

  • Olayinka Ajala, 2020. "New drivers of conflict in Nigeria: an analysis of the clashes between farmers and pastoralists," Third World Quarterly, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 41(12), pages 2048-2066, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:taf:ctwqxx:v:41:y:2020:i:12:p:2048-2066
    DOI: 10.1080/01436597.2020.1811662
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    1. repec:ags:aaea22:335532 is not listed on IDEAS
    2. Fadare, Olusegun & Srinivasan, Chittur & Zanello, Giacomo, 2024. "Livestock diversification mitigates the impact of farmer-herder conflicts on animal-source foods consumption in Nigeria," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 122(C).
    3. Song, Chun & Petsakos, Athanasios & Gotor, Elisabetta, 2024. "Linguistic diversity, climate shock, and farmers-herder conflicts: Implications for inclusive innovations for agro-pastoralism systems," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 216(C).

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