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Pentecostalism and development in Kibera informal settlement, Nairobi

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  • Gregory Deacon

Abstract

This article outlines one of the activities organised by an international Evangelical faith-based development organisation (FBDO) working in the Kibera informal settlement, an area that attracts large numbers of development practitioners, including FBDOs and Christian missionaries. Some Pentecostal and Evangelical perceptions of entrepreneurship are outlined, which are then related to current theoretical descriptions of the role of global Pentecostalism in improving livelihoods and well-being. It is suggested that local conditions in Kibera mean that little improvement in terms of livelihoods is possible. Therefore local Pentecostal adherents tend to utilise their faith and church activities in attempts to survive conditions as they are, rather than in seeking to transform them. It is suggested that members of Pentecostal churches in Kibera seek to express, understand and control, but not change, their challenging lifeworlds through their religious ideas and activities.Le pentecôtisme et le développement dans l'établissement informel de Kibera, à NairobiCet article présente dans ses grandes lignes une des activités organisées par une entité de développement internationale à base religieuse (ODBR) évangélique qui travaille dans l'établissement informel de Kibera, zone qui attire un grand nombre de praticiens du développement, y compris des OBDR et des missionnaires chrétiens. Certaines perceptions pentecôtistes et évangéliques de l'entrepreneuriat sont présentées qui sont ensuite reliées aux descriptions théoriques actuelles du rôle du pentecôtisme mondial dans l'amélioration des moyens de subsistance et du bien-être. Il est suggéré que les conditions locales à Kibera font qu'il n'est possible d'améliorer les moyens de subsistance qu'en petite mesure. Par conséquent, les adhérents au pentecôtisme tendent à utiliser leur foi et leurs activités religieuses afin de survivre aux conditions telles qu'elles existent, au lieu de tenter de les transformer. Il est suggéré que les membres des Églises pentecôtistes de Kibera cherchent à exprimer, à comprendre et à contrôler, mais pas à modifier, leurs contextes de vie difficiles à travers leurs idées et activités religieuses.Pentecostalismo e desenvolvimento no assentamento informal de Kibera, NairóbiEste artigo apresenta uma das atividades organizadas por uma Organização Internacional de Desenvolvimento Baseada na Fé Evangélica (cuja sigla em inglês é FBDO) que trabalha no assentamento informal de Kibera, uma área que atrai um grande número de praticantes de desenvolvimento, inclusive missionários de FBDOs e cristãos. Algumas percepções pentecostais e evangélicas sobre empreendedorismo são apresentadas, sendo então relacionadas com descrições teóricas atuais do papel do Pentecostalismo global na melhoria dos meios de subsistência e bem-estar. É sugerido que as condições locais em Kibera fazem com que pouco avanço seja possível em termos de meios de subsistência. Assim, adeptos do pentecostalismo local tendem a utilizar sua fé e atividades da igreja nas tentativas de sobreviver frente às condições em que se encontram, em vez de buscar transformá-las. É sugerido que membros das igrejas Pentecostais em Kibera buscam expressar, compreender e controlar, mas não mudar, o mundo difícil em que vivem através de suas ideias e atividades religiosas.Pentecostalismo y desarrollo en el asentamiento informal de Kibera en NairobiEn este ensayo se describe una actividad realizada por una organización internacional de desarrollo basada en la fe evangélica (ODBF) que trabaja en el asentamiento informal de Kibera, un área a la que acuden numerosos profesionales del desarrollo, incluyendo las ODBF y las misiones cristianas. Se examinan algunas ideas pentecostales y evangélicas sobre la actividad empresarial relacionadas con varias teorías actuales sobre el papel del pentecostalismo mundial para mejorar los medios de vida y el bienestar. El ensayo sostiene que las condiciones de Kibera son poco aptas para mejorar los medios de vida. Los pentecostales tienden a utilizar su fe y las actividades de la iglesia para sobrellevar las condiciones de su medio, pero no para transformarlas. Se plantea también que los pentecostales de Kibera buscan expresar, comprender y controlar, mas no transformar, su difícil entorno a través de sus ideas y actividades religiosas.

Suggested Citation

  • Gregory Deacon, 2012. "Pentecostalism and development in Kibera informal settlement, Nairobi," Development in Practice, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 22(5-6), pages 663-674, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:taf:cdipxx:v:22:y:2012:i:5-6:p:663-674
    DOI: 10.1080/09614524.2012.685874
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