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Intellectual capital and firm performance: evidence from Indian banking sector

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  • Suryanarayan Mohapatra
  • Sangram Keshari Jena
  • Amarnath Mitra
  • Aviral Kumar Tiwari

Abstract

In the aftermath of the 2008 financial crisis, the entire Indian banking industry was paralysed and their performance was shattered by the unfolding of enormous cases of Non-performing Assets (NPA). The study estimates the operating efficiency of 40 Indian banks for 5 years (2011–15) as a proxy of performance measure using the output-oriented DEA-BCC model. We find that nearly 62% of the state-owned banks and 47% of the private banks are inefficient indicating that the inefficient banks need to reduce their inputs or improve their output to become efficient. The study further investigates the relationship between intellectual capital (IC) and bank performance using a truncated regression model. The regression results show that out of the three components of intellectual capital, only human capital efficiency is positively and significantly associated with operational efficiency while structural capital and finance capital have a negative impact on the efficiency of banks. The study concludes that to achieve competitive edge banks should invest in their human capital. The results are robust in the case of financial variables taken as a proxy for performance.

Suggested Citation

  • Suryanarayan Mohapatra & Sangram Keshari Jena & Amarnath Mitra & Aviral Kumar Tiwari, 2019. "Intellectual capital and firm performance: evidence from Indian banking sector," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 51(57), pages 6054-6067, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:applec:v:51:y:2019:i:57:p:6054-6067
    DOI: 10.1080/00036846.2019.1645283
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    Cited by:

    1. Monika Barak & Rakesh Kumar Sharma, 2024. "Does intellectual capital impact the financial performance of Indian public sector banks? An empirical analysis using GMM," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 11(1), pages 1-11, December.
    2. Jian Xu & Muhammad Haris & Hongxing Yao, 2019. "Should Listed Banks Be Concerned with Intellectual Capital in Emerging Asian Markets? A Comparison between China and Pakistan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(23), pages 1-23, November.
    3. Monika Barak & Rakesh Kumar Sharma, 2023. "Investigating the Impact of Intellectual Capital on the Sustainable Financial Performance of Private Sector Banks in India," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-21, January.
    4. Md. Sohel Rana & Syed Zabid Hossain, 2023. "Intellectual Capital, Firm Performance, and Sustainable Growth: A Study on DSE-Listed Nonfinancial Companies in Bangladesh," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-23, April.
    5. Wei-han Liu & Qian Long Kweh, 2022. "Reexamining nonlinear effects of intellectual capital on firm efficiency," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 315(2), pages 1319-1344, August.
    6. Juhi Gupta & Payal Rathore & Smita Kashiramka, 2023. "Impact of Intellectual Capital on the Financial Performance of Innovation-Driven Pharmaceutical Firms: Empirical Evidence from India," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 14(2), pages 1052-1076, June.
    7. Ngoc Phu Tran & Co Thi Huyen Dinh & Hien Thi Thu Hoang & Duc Hong Vo, 2022. "Intellectual Capital and Firm Performance in Vietnam: The Moderating Role of Corporate Social Responsibility," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-13, October.

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