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Finance and inequality: a study of Indian states

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  • Rashmi Umesh Arora

Abstract

Although a large literature exists on finance and economic growth, few studies have empirically examined the relationship between finance and inequality. Using grouped national household sample survey data on monthly household consumption expenditure at the sub-national level for the years 1999-2000 to 2006-2007, we examine the relationship between Financial Development (FD) and rural and urban inequality in India. The results indicate that FD is associated with a reduction in inequality, but only in the urban areas. Further, inequality is found to be higher in the richer states compared to less developed and low income states, and as state income increases, inequality also increases both in the rural and urban areas. Finally, our results show that increase in population per bank branch leads to higher inequality in urban areas but decline in rural areas.

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  • Rashmi Umesh Arora, 2012. "Finance and inequality: a study of Indian states," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 44(34), pages 4527-4538, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:applec:v:44:y:2012:i:34:p:4527-4538
    DOI: 10.1080/00036846.2011.597736
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    Cited by:

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    2. Guanchun Liu & Yuanyuan Liu & Chengsi Zhang, 2017. "Financial Development, Financial Structure and Income Inequality in China," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 40(9), pages 1890-1917, September.
    3. Ahmed, Azleen Rosemy & Masih, Mansur, 2017. "What is the link between financial development and income inequality? evidence from Malaysia," MPRA Paper 79416, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    4. Khanday, Ishfaq Nazir & Tarique, Md., 2023. "Does income inequality respond asymmetrically to financial development? Evidence from India using asymmetric cointegration and causality tests," The Journal of Economic Asymmetries, Elsevier, vol. 28(C).
    5. Hao, Yunping & Zhang, Bing, 2024. "The impact of digital financial usage on resident’s income inequality in China: An empirical analysis based on CHFS data," Journal of Asian Economics, Elsevier, vol. 91(C).
    6. Ross Stewart & Carlos Moslares, 2012. "Income inequality and economic growth: the case of Indian states 1980-2010," Revista Cuadernos de Economia, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, FCE, CID, August.
    7. Günay ÖZCAN, 2020. "Financial development and income inequality: An empirical analysis on the emerging market economies," Theoretical and Applied Economics, Asociatia Generala a Economistilor din Romania / Editura Economica, vol. 0(3(624), A), pages 85-96, Autumn.
    8. Mohammad Masudur Rahman & Guan Fuquan & Laila Arjuman Ara, 2019. "Nonlinear Dynamics in the Finance-Inequality Nexus in China-CHNS Data," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-12, January.
    9. Mohamad, Nurul Muna & Masron, tajul & Widiyanti, Risna & Mohd Jamil, Muslimah, 2020. "Islamic Banking and Income Inequality: The Role of Corporate Social Responsibility," Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, vol. 54(2), pages 77-90.
    10. Cigdem KARIS & Dilek Cil, 2024. "The Impact of Financial Development on Income Inequality: Evidence from OECD Countries," Istanbul Business Research, Istanbul University Business School, vol. 53(1), pages 103-118, April.
    11. Ricardo Barradas & Rishi Lakhani, 2024. "The finance–inequality nexus in the era of financialisation: Evidence for Portugal," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 29(3), pages 3510-3544, July.
    12. Park, Sungmin & Kim, Young-Han, 2023. "The impact of macroprudential policy on inequality and implications for inclusive financial stability," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 146(C).
    13. Abdul Rahim Ridzuan & Shahsuzan Zakaria & Bayu Arie Fianto & Nora Yusma Mohamed Yusoff & Nor Fatimah Che Sulaiman & Mohamad Idham Md Razak & Siswantini Siswantini & Arsiyanti Lestari, 2021. "Nexus between Financial Development and Income Inequality before Pandemic Covid-19: Does Financial Kuznets Curve Exist in Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand and Philippines?," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 11(2), pages 260-271.

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