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Risk arbitrage in the Nikkei put warrant market of 1989-1990

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  • J. Shaw
  • E. O. Thorp
  • W. T. Ziemba

Abstract

This paper discusses the Nikkei put warrant market in Toronto and New York during 1989-1990. Three classes of long term American puts were traded which when evaluated in yen are ordinary, product and exchange asset puts, respectively. Type I do not involve exchange rates for yen investors. Type II, called quantos, fix in advance the exchange rate to be used on expiry in the home currency. Type III evaluate the strike and spot prices of the Nikkei Stock Average in the home currency rather than in yen. For typically observed parameters, type I are theoretically more valuable than type II which in turn are more valuable than type III. In late 1989 and early 1990 there were significant departures from fair values in various markets. This was a market with a set of complex financial instruments that even sophisticated investors needed time to learn about to price properly. Investors in Canada were willing to buy puts at far more than fair value based on historical volatility. In addition, US investors overpriced type II puts fixed in dollars rather than the type I's in yen. This led to cross border and US traded (on the same exchange) low risk hedges. The market's convergence to efficiency (that is, all puts priced within transaction cost bands) took about one month after the introduction of the US puts in early 1990 leading to significant profits for the hedgers.

Suggested Citation

  • J. Shaw & E. O. Thorp & W. T. Ziemba, 1995. "Risk arbitrage in the Nikkei put warrant market of 1989-1990," Applied Mathematical Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 2(4), pages 243-272.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:apmtfi:v:2:y:1995:i:4:p:243-272
    DOI: 10.1080/13504869500000013
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Babbel, D.F. & Eisenberg, L.K., 1991. "Quantity-adjusting Options and Forward Contracts," Weiss Center Working Papers 24-91, Wharton School - Weiss Center for International Financial Research.
    2. David F. Babbel & Laurence K. Eisenberg, "undated". "Quantity-Adjusting Options and Forward Contracts (Revised: 29-91)," Rodney L. White Center for Financial Research Working Papers 24-91, Wharton School Rodney L. White Center for Financial Research.
    3. Dravid, A. & Richardson, M. & Craig, A., 1993. "Explaining Overnight Variation in Japanese Stock Returns: The Information Content of Derivative Securities," Weiss Center Working Papers 93-5, Wharton School - Weiss Center for International Financial Research.
    4. David F. Babbel & Laurence K. Eisenberg, "undated". "Quantity-Adjusting Options and Forward Contracts (Revision of 24-91) (Reprint 041)," Rodney L. White Center for Financial Research Working Papers 29-91, Wharton School Rodney L. White Center for Financial Research.
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    Cited by:

    1. John Board & Charles Sutcliffe & William T. Ziemba, 2003. "Applying Operations Research Techniques to Financial Markets," Interfaces, INFORMS, vol. 33(2), pages 12-24, April.

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