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A model and empirical test of the strong form efficiency of US capital markets: more evidence of insider trading profitability

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  • Ahmet Kara
  • Karen Craft Denning

Abstract

This manuscript develops a model of security market trading and uses binomial probabilities to examine insider trading behaviour. The informed trader is stylized as a corporate insider who possesses privileged information by virtue of his position. We assume insiders are risk averse and information acquisition costs are effectively zero. The model shows that in an efficient, competitive market where traders do not earn profits in excess of the level commensurate with the assumed risks and costs, the elasticities of trading profits with respect to degree of risk aversion and transaction costs are equal to one. This simple proposition extends to test empirically, using a log-linear regression, whether US security markets are strong form efficient. We then extend the competitive market model by relaxing various assumptions. The result of this extension is that the elasticities of the insiders' profit with respect to risk aversion and transaction costs are not jointly equal to one. This hypothesis is examined using US SEC recorded insider purchases and sales of securities and transactions market data. There are numerous assumptions in the model development and empirical execution, that may have implications for generalizing these results. However, the null hypothesis that US security markets are strong form efficient is easily rejected. This can be interpreted as more evidence of profit potential for insider traders, despite the fact that approximately 40% of the insider transactions examined here were deemed unprofitable.

Suggested Citation

  • Ahmet Kara & Karen Craft Denning, 1998. "A model and empirical test of the strong form efficiency of US capital markets: more evidence of insider trading profitability," Applied Financial Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 8(3), pages 211-220.
  • Handle: RePEc:taf:apfiec:v:8:y:1998:i:3:p:211-220
    DOI: 10.1080/096031098332970
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    Cited by:

    1. Coskun, Yener & Seven, Unal, 2016. "Etkin Piyasalar Hipotezi ve BİST’in Zayıf Form Etkinlik Analizi (Book Chapter) [Efficient Market Hypothesis and Weak Form Efficiency Analysis of Borsa Istanbul (Book Chapter)]," MPRA Paper 80263, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    2. Michael Buchner & Tobias A. Jopp, 2019. "Full steam ahead: Insider knowledge, stock trading and the nationalization of the railways in Prussia around 1879," Working Papers 0151, European Historical Economics Society (EHES).
    3. Tomasz Potocki & Tomasz Świst, 2009. "The Strong Informative Efficiency of The Stock-Exchange in Warsaw-the Myth and the Reality," Ekonomia journal, Faculty of Economic Sciences, University of Warsaw, vol. 23.
    4. Christiane Goodfellow & Martin T. Bohl, 2011. "Forestalling Floor Closure: Evidence from a Natural Experiment on the German Stock Market," Post-Print hal-00676103, HAL.

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