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Opportunistic shirking behaviour during unpaid overtime

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  • Michael J. Lopez
  • Brian M. Mills

Abstract

We identify the presence of shirking by Major League Baseball umpires during indefinite unpaid overtime, as defined by extra innings. In the presence of new information about expected game length, umpires exert biases in ball and strike calls consistent with opportunistically reducing the likelihood of working additional time. General implications with respect to the effectiveness of salaried workers during unpaid overtime hours are discussed.

Suggested Citation

  • Michael J. Lopez & Brian M. Mills, 2019. "Opportunistic shirking behaviour during unpaid overtime," Applied Economics Letters, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 26(7), pages 608-612, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:apeclt:v:26:y:2019:i:7:p:608-612
    DOI: 10.1080/13504851.2018.1488048
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    Cited by:

    1. Mike Hsu, 2024. "Umpire Home Bias in Major League Baseball," Journal of Sports Economics, , vol. 25(4), pages 423-442, May.
    2. Eric Fesselmeyer, 2021. "The impact of temperature on labor quality: Umpire accuracy in Major League Baseball," Southern Economic Journal, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 88(2), pages 545-567, October.
    3. Ashby, Nathan J. & Ramos, Miguel A., 2023. "Productivity within groups: An analysis of shirking in high school cross country competitions," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics (formerly The Journal of Socio-Economics), Elsevier, vol. 106(C).

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