IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/taf/acctbr/v34y2004i4p301-321.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

‘Equity smirks’ and embedded options: the shape of a firm's value function

Author

Listed:
  • Adam Ostaszewski

Abstract

This paper examines the methodology and assumptions of Ashton, D., Cooke, T., Tippett, M., Wang, P. (2004) employing recursion value η as an explanatory single-variable in a model of the firm, first introduced by Ashton, D., Cooke, T., Tippett, M., in (2003). A qualitative analysis of all of their numerical findings is given together with an indication of how more useful is the tool of special function theory, here requiring confluent hyper-geometric functions associated with the Merton-style valuation equation A justification and a wider interpretation of their model and findings is offered: these come from inclusion of strictly convex dissipating frictions arising either as insurance costs, replacement costs of funds paid out, or of debt service, and from the inclusion of alternative adaptation options embedded in the equity value of a firm; these predict not only a J-shaped equity curve, but also, under the richer modelling assumption, a snake-like curve that may result from financial frictions like insurance. These ‘smirks’ in the equity curve may be empirically tested. It is shown that the inclusion of frictions in dividend selection (e.g. the signalling costs of Bhattacharya, 1979) leads to an optimal dividend payout of αη that is a constant coupon for an interval of η values preceded by an interval in which α = r; this is at variance with the ACTW model where the exogeneous assumption of a constant a is made.

Suggested Citation

  • Adam Ostaszewski, 2004. "‘Equity smirks’ and embedded options: the shape of a firm's value function," Accounting and Business Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 34(4), pages 301-321.
  • Handle: RePEc:taf:acctbr:v:34:y:2004:i:4:p:301-321
    DOI: 10.1080/00014788.2004.9729974
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00014788.2004.9729974
    Download Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1080/00014788.2004.9729974?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. David Ashton & Terry Cooke & Mark Tippett, 2003. "An Aggregation Theorem for the Valuation of Equity Under Linear Information Dynamics," Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 30(3-4), pages 413-440.
    2. Leland, Hayne E, 1994. "Corporate Debt Value, Bond Covenants, and Optimal Capital Structure," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 49(4), pages 1213-1252, September.
    3. Robert C. Merton, 2005. "Theory of rational option pricing," World Scientific Book Chapters, in: Sudipto Bhattacharya & George M Constantinides (ed.), Theory Of Valuation, chapter 8, pages 229-288, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd..
    4. Merton, Robert C, 1974. "On the Pricing of Corporate Debt: The Risk Structure of Interest Rates," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 29(2), pages 449-470, May.
    5. Sudipto Bhattacharya, 1979. "Imperfect Information, Dividend Policy, and "The Bird in the Hand" Fallacy," Bell Journal of Economics, The RAND Corporation, vol. 10(1), pages 259-270, Spring.
    6. David Ashton & Terry Cooke & Mark Tippett, 2003. "An Aggregation Theorem for the Valuation of Equity Under Linear Information Dynamics," Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 30(3‐4), pages 413-440, April.
    7. Black, Fischer & Cox, John C, 1976. "Valuing Corporate Securities: Some Effects of Bond Indenture Provisions," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 31(2), pages 351-367, May.
    8. Radner, Roy & Shepp, Larry, 1996. "Risk vs. profit potential: A model for corporate strategy," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 20(8), pages 1373-1393, August.
    9. Merton H. Miller & Franco Modigliani, 1961. "Dividend Policy, Growth, and the Valuation of Shares," The Journal of Business, University of Chicago Press, vol. 34, pages 411-411.
    10. David Burgstahler, 1998. "Discussion of “Combining Earnings and Book Value in Equity Valuation†," Contemporary Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 15(3), pages 325-341, September.
    11. Rubinstein, Mark, 1974. "An aggregation theorem for securities markets," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 1(3), pages 225-244, September.
    12. Wruck, Karen Hopper, 1994. "Financial policy, internal control, and performance Sealed Air Corporation's leveraged special dividend," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 36(2), pages 157-192, October.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Gady Jacoby & Chuan Liao & Jonathan A. Batten, 2007. "A Pure Test for the Elasticity of Yield Spreads," The Institute for International Integration Studies Discussion Paper Series iiisdp195, IIIS.
    2. Zhijian (James) Huang & Yuchen Luo, 2016. "Revisiting Structural Modeling of Credit Risk—Evidence from the Credit Default Swap (CDS) Market," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 9(2), pages 1-20, May.
    3. Giesecke, Kay & Longstaff, Francis A. & Schaefer, Stephen & Strebulaev, Ilya, 2011. "Corporate bond default risk: A 150-year perspective," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 102(2), pages 233-250.
    4. Décamps, Jean-Paul & Villeneuve, Stéphane, 2022. "Learning about profitability and dynamic cash management," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 205(C).
    5. Hui Chen & Jianjun Miao & Neng Wang, 2010. "Entrepreneurial Finance and Nondiversifiable Risk," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 23(12), pages 4348-4388, December.
    6. Duffie, Darrell, 2003. "Intertemporal asset pricing theory," Handbook of the Economics of Finance, in: G.M. Constantinides & M. Harris & R. M. Stulz (ed.), Handbook of the Economics of Finance, edition 1, volume 1, chapter 11, pages 639-742, Elsevier.
    7. Episcopos, Athanasios, 2008. "Bank capital regulation in a barrier option framework," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 32(8), pages 1677-1686, August.
    8. Marco Realdon, "undated". "About Debt and the Option to Extend Debt Maturity," Discussion Papers 03/20, Department of Economics, University of York.
    9. Gatzert, Nadine & Martin, Michael, 2012. "Quantifying credit and market risk under Solvency II: Standard approach versus internal model," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 51(3), pages 649-666.
    10. S. G. Kou & Hui Wang, 2004. "Option Pricing Under a Double Exponential Jump Diffusion Model," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 50(9), pages 1178-1192, September.
    11. Sarkar, Sudipto, 2001. "Probability of call and likelihood of the call feature in a corporate bond," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 25(3), pages 505-533, March.
    12. Zhou Lu & Zhuyao Zhuo, 2021. "Modelling of Chinese corporate bond default – A machine learning approach," Accounting and Finance, Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand, vol. 61(5), pages 6147-6191, December.
    13. Christensen, Peter Ove & Flor, Christian Riis & Lando, David & Miltersen, Kristian R., 2014. "Dynamic capital structure with callable debt and debt renegotiations," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 29(C), pages 644-661.
    14. Pierre, Erwan & Villeneuve, Stéphane & Warin, Xavier, 2014. "Capital Investment and Liquidity Management with collateralized debt," IDEI Working Papers 841, Institut d'Économie Industrielle (IDEI), Toulouse.
    15. Bhanu Pratap Singh Thakur & M. Kannadhasan & Vinay Goyal, 2018. "Determinants of corporate credit spread: evidence from India," DECISION: Official Journal of the Indian Institute of Management Calcutta, Springer;Indian Institute of Management Calcutta, vol. 45(1), pages 59-73, March.
    16. Perrakis, Stylianos & Zhong, Rui, 2015. "Credit spreads and state-dependent volatility: Theory and empirical evidence," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 215-231.
    17. Erwan Pierre & St'ephane Villeneuve & Xavier Warin, 2014. "Liquidity Management with Decreasing-returns-to-scale and Secured Credit Line," Papers 1411.7670, arXiv.org, revised Nov 2015.
    18. Hong Liu & Jianjun Miao, 2006. "Managerial Preferences, Corporate Governance, and Financial Structure," Boston University - Department of Economics - Working Papers Series WP2006-020, Boston University - Department of Economics.
    19. Nakashima, Kiyotaka & Saito, Makoto, 2009. "Credit spreads on corporate bonds and the macroeconomy in Japan," Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, Elsevier, vol. 23(3), pages 309-331, September.
    20. Hilscher, Jens & Raviv, Alon, 2014. "Bank stability and market discipline: The effect of contingent capital on risk taking and default probability," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 29(C), pages 542-560.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:taf:acctbr:v:34:y:2004:i:4:p:301-321. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Chris Longhurst (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.tandfonline.com/RABR20 .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.