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Floodplains and Connectivity Zones: Enhancing the Provision of Ecosystem Services

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  • Marcelle Nardelli Baptista

    (Forest Institute - Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ))

  • Ricardo Valcarcel

    (Forest Institute - Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ))

  • Marcela Cohen Martelotte

    (Federal Fluminense University (UFF))

Abstract

Floodplains cover only 6% of the Earth’s surface. Connectivity occurs in multidirectional patterns in riverbeds, throughout both the drainage paths of the tributaries and the areas contiguous to the riverbed. This study discusses the variations in the levels of the water table as a component of a spatiotemporal representation for evaluating the importance of floodplains as hydric regulatory elements, and the application of this knowledge for developing techniques for the renaturalization of water functions to produce ecosystem services. We measured the variation in the water table level in a floodplain of the Paraiba do Sul River (southeastern Brazil), whose 77 floodplains occupy only 3.87% of the basin and present a high potential for the renaturalization of their water functions. The litho-structural control point (LSCP) is situated in the river channel and mark the end of the floodplain. Areas near the LSCP remain continually saturated, storing water and contributing to dry-season hydrographs. Areas up to 4400 m away from the LSCP perform hydric regulation, storing water from floods of the riverbed and reducing its flow downstream. Areas up to 7500 m away from the LSCP have an increased absorption potential. These three areas operate differently and integrally in absorbing floodwaters and recharging the water table, influencing the increase in minimum flows in the riverbed. The understanding of the functions of these sectors enables the design of objective measures that safeguard and increase the likelihood of the renaturalization of the hydrological functions of floodplains.

Suggested Citation

  • Marcelle Nardelli Baptista & Ricardo Valcarcel & Marcela Cohen Martelotte, 2022. "Floodplains and Connectivity Zones: Enhancing the Provision of Ecosystem Services," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 36(1), pages 341-352, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:waterr:v:36:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1007_s11269-021-03030-y
    DOI: 10.1007/s11269-021-03030-y
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Marcelle Baptista & Ricardo Valcarcel & Vandré Maya & Fernando Canto, 2014. "Selection of Preferred Floodplains for the Renaturalization of Hydrologic Functions: A Case Study of the Paraíba do Sul River Basin, Brazil," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 28(13), pages 4781-4793, October.
    2. Marcelle Nardelli Baptista & Ricardo Valcarcel & Felipe Araujo Mateus & William Soares Medeiros & Fernando Canto Andrade, 2017. "Impact of Urbanization on the Hydrodynamics of a Water Table in a Floodplain with High Potential for Renaturation," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 31(13), pages 4091-4102, October.
    3. Zekâi Şen, 2021. "Reservoirs for Water Supply Under Climate Change Impact—A Review," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 35(11), pages 3827-3843, September.
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