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Impact of Raw Water Quality and Climate Factors on the Variability of Drinking Water Quality in Small Systems

Author

Listed:
  • A. Scheili

    (Université Laval)

  • I. Delpla

    (Université Laval)

  • R. Sadiq

    (University of British Columbia)

  • M. J. Rodriguez

    (Université Laval)

Abstract

Drinking water quality is mainly influenced by the variable quality of source water, which is affected by both meteorological and climate factors. Contrary to medium and large municipalities, small systems do not have appropriate equipment to face important variations of raw water quality, and they do not have enough information either on the impact of these alterations. The objective of this study is to develop a decision-making tool to small system operators allowing the determination of risk periods, based on easily accessible measures. The impact of several raw water quality parameters and climate factors on drinking water quality was under study. A stepwise regression analysis was applied to determine the most important factors. Two of them were retained: the level of UV254 of raw water and average maximal air temperature of 15 days before measurement. These factors are representative of raw water quality or meteorological conditions and are easily accessible to systems with restricted financial capacities. A logistic regression analysis contributed to the estimation of the probability to provide drinking water of bad quality (defined by a drinking water quality index). Finally, results of the analysis were synthetized in a visual tool, allowing the identification of risk periods using the known values of UV254 and average maximal air temperature of 15 days. This tool may strongly contribute to the improvement of drinking water management in small systems, as it provides easily accessible information on the risks of deterioration of drinking water quality using two simple parameters.

Suggested Citation

  • A. Scheili & I. Delpla & R. Sadiq & M. J. Rodriguez, 2016. "Impact of Raw Water Quality and Climate Factors on the Variability of Drinking Water Quality in Small Systems," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 30(8), pages 2703-2718, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:waterr:v:30:y:2016:i:8:d:10.1007_s11269-016-1312-z
    DOI: 10.1007/s11269-016-1312-z
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Bonton, Alexandre & Rouleau, Alain & Bouchard, Christian & Rodriguez, Manuel J., 2011. "Nitrate transport modeling to evaluate source water protection scenarios for a municipal well in an agricultural area," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 104(5), pages 429-439, June.
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    Cited by:

    1. Ye Pan & Yuan Yuan & Ting Sun & Yuxin Wang & Yujing Xie & Zhengqiu Fan, 2020. "Are the Water Quality Improvement Measures of China’s South-to-North Water Diversion Project Effective? A Case Study of Xuzhou Section in the East Route," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(17), pages 1-21, September.
    2. Christine J. Kirchhoff & Julia A. Flagg & Yan Zhuang & Berdakh Utemuratov, 2019. "Understanding and Improving Enforcement and Compliance with Drinking Water Standards," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 33(5), pages 1647-1663, March.

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