IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/spr/telsys/v86y2024i1d10.1007_s11235-024-01120-x.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Reduction of the received signal strength variation with distance using averaging over multiple heights and frequencies

Author

Listed:
  • Huthaifa Obeidat

    (Jadara University)

  • Mohammed Al-Sadoon

    (Basrah University College of Science and Technology)

  • Chemseddine Zebiri

    (University of Ferhat Abbas)

  • Omar Obeidat

    (Wayne State University)

  • Issa Elfergani

    (The Instituto de Telecomunicações)

  • Raed Abd-Alhameed

    (Basrah University College of Science and Technology
    University of Bradford)

Abstract

As a simple and inexpensive channel characteristic, received signal strength (RSS) finds extensive usage in localization applications. However, the quick changes in signal strength impact the localization precision. By averaging over access points (APs) with multiple frequencies and/or heights, this article suggests a novel approach to lowering RSS fluctuation. Initially focused on the plane-earth loss model, the study was later extended to include a multipath indoor propagation scenario that was simulated. We used ray-tracing software to model the indoor propagation situation. This research takes into account the results of three distinct methods for averaging RSS: height averaging, frequency averaging, and hybrid frequency and height (FH) averaging, which combines the two. We discovered that the Height-only strategy considerably decreased the RSS variation with distance for both settings we looked at. Using the frequency-only method even further reduced the variation. Using the Hybrid FH technique greatly enhances the results. Root mean square error values of 4.427 dB, 3.70 dB, and 3.5 dB, respectively, are provided for the averaging approaches and the ideal scenario in which no variance occurs. Another finding is that averaging with APs that have double the height or frequency will not improve the RSS distance variation.

Suggested Citation

  • Huthaifa Obeidat & Mohammed Al-Sadoon & Chemseddine Zebiri & Omar Obeidat & Issa Elfergani & Raed Abd-Alhameed, 2024. "Reduction of the received signal strength variation with distance using averaging over multiple heights and frequencies," Telecommunication Systems: Modelling, Analysis, Design and Management, Springer, vol. 86(1), pages 201-211, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:telsys:v:86:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1007_s11235-024-01120-x
    DOI: 10.1007/s11235-024-01120-x
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11235-024-01120-x
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: Access to the full text of the articles in this series is restricted.
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1007/s11235-024-01120-x?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:spr:telsys:v:86:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1007_s11235-024-01120-x. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.springer.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.