Analyzing the Barriers of Industry 4.0 Adoption in Indian Healthcare Sector Using Best–Worst Method

The present article aims to explore the critical barriers of Industry 4.0 (I4.0) implementation in healthcare industries in the context of a developing economy like India. I4.0 has gained substantial attention from both researchers and professionals due to its manifold advantages for manufacturing enterprises. The literature has extensively explored various facets of I4.0 within the healthcare sector as well. Nevertheless, there has been relatively less emphasis on investigating the barriers associated with the adoption of I4.0 in healthcare. To fulfil this research gap, the present study has been conducted in the context of the Indian healthcare sector. The barriers of I4.0 related to the healthcare sector were identified through a literature review and examined further via a novel multi-criteria decision-making approach, i.e., Best–Worst Method (BWM). The outcome of the BWM approach revealed that the most critical barrier potentially impeding the adoption of I4.0 in the Indian healthcare sector is the “poor technological infrastructure,” while “Data transformation and acquisition” are comparatively less significant among the finalized barriers. These findings can serve as valuable insights for decision-makers, healthcare managers, and practitioners to realize the specific challenges of I4.0 adoption in the Indian healthcare industry. Moreover, it would assist them in controlling the barriers which leads to making policies and approaches for the successful adoption of I4.0 technology in healthcare industries.