Creating an optimal electric vehicle ecosystem: an investigation of electric vehicle stakeholders and ecosystem trends in the US

Electric vehicles (EVs) are a key transportation alternative that can help reduce tailpipe emissions associated with internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEV). The overall emphasis on sustainability, energy independence, and rapid technological advancement has influenced the US to set targets to increase EV adoption. This study investigates emerging technologies within the EV ecosystem, including those likely to take precedence, phase out, or require strengthening. In pursuit of comprehensive insights, we gathered stakeholders' perspectives on current and future EV ecosystem trends targeting different facets of the ecosystem. Existing EV surveys often center on specific issues, such as charging infrastructure, purchasing intentions, or battery swapping. However, no literature has comprehensively examined stakeholders’ perspectives on various dimensions of the EV ecosystem. To address this gap, we conducted a survey using SurveyMonkey, an online survey tool employing a purposive sampling technique to target stakeholders within the EV ecosystem. The results of this survey highlight several key findings. Stakeholders express a strong preference for alternatives to traditional plugin charging methods. In addition, cybersecurity emerges as a paramount concern, underscoring the critical need to address potential vulnerabilities in EV systems. This study highlights obstacles and possible pathways for developing the EV ecosystem. Moreover, these insights can guide policymakers, industry leaders, and researchers to shape effective strategies and regulations. By incorporating stakeholder perspectives and leveraging emerging technologies, the EV ecosystem can be fortified to accelerate widespread EV adoption and meet sustainability goals. Finally, this study paves the way for more comprehensive research, including in-person interviews.