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Simulation-based optimization of emergency evacuation strategy in ultra-high-rise buildings

Author

Listed:
  • Ning Ding

    (People’s Public Security University of China)

  • Hui Zhang

    (Tsinghua University)

  • Tao Chen

    (Tsinghua University)

Abstract

Emergency evacuation in high-rise buildings is a crucial problem. The evacuation strategy of using stairs and evacuation elevators should be optimized. In this paper, simulation-based optimization method is used to optimize the evacuation strategy of using stairs and elevators in high-rise buildings. The stair simulation is based on a cellular automata model, and several typical pedestrians’ walk preferences are considered in this model. In the simulation, evacuation elevators can arrive at the refuge floors, and the scheduling of the elevators is optimized based on the GA algorithm. The simulation-based optimization is designed as a two-level problem: The upper level is a strategy level; the lower level is an operation level. In the study case, the evacuation strategy of a 100-floor ultra-high-rise office building is optimized. We find that if evacuees follow the traditional stair evacuation strategy, the evacuation time is 42.6 min. After optimization, the evacuation time of optimal strategy by using both stairs and elevators is 25.1 min. Compared with the traditional stair evacuation strategy, the efficiency of evacuation is improved by 41.1%. It is also found that the merging behavior in stairwells will decrease the velocity of the pedestrian flow. Stairs are still the main egress, and evacuation elevators are an assistant egress during high-rise building evacuation.

Suggested Citation

  • Ning Ding & Hui Zhang & Tao Chen, 2017. "Simulation-based optimization of emergency evacuation strategy in ultra-high-rise buildings," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 89(3), pages 1167-1184, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:nathaz:v:89:y:2017:i:3:d:10.1007_s11069-017-3013-1
    DOI: 10.1007/s11069-017-3013-1
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Xia Zhong Zheng & Dan Tian & Ming Zhang & Chaoran Hu & Liyang Tong, 2019. "A Stairs Evacuation Model Considering the Pedestrian Merging Flows," Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society, Hindawi, vol. 2019, pages 1-11, December.
    2. Yunyun Niu & Jieqiong Zhang & Yongpeng Zhang & Jianhua Xiao, 2019. "Modeling Evacuation of High-Rise Buildings Based on Intelligence Decision P System," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(17), pages 1-17, August.
    3. Haghani, Milad & Sarvi, Majid, 2019. "Laboratory experimentation and simulation of discrete direction choices: Investigating hypothetical bias, decision-rule effect and external validity based on aggregate prediction measures," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 134-157.
    4. Lu, X. & Blanton, H. & Gifford, T. & Tucker, A. & Olderman, N., 2021. "Optimized guidance for building fires considering occupants’ route choices," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 561(C).
    5. Haoran Zhang & Xuan Song & Xiaoya Song & Dou Huang & Ning Xu & Ryosuke Shibasaki & Yongtu Liang, 2019. "Ex-ante online risk assessment for building emergency evacuation through multimedia data," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(4), pages 1-14, April.

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