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Responses to the 2011 floods in Central Thailand: Perpetuating the vulnerability of small and medium enterprises?

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  • Danny Marks

    (University of Toronto
    Chulalongkorn University)

  • Frank Thomalla

    (Stockholm Environment Institute)

Abstract

The 2011 flood was the worst in Thailand in decades. Many of the impacts occurred in the Bangkok Metropolitan Region. The floods negatively affected small and medium enterprises (SMEs). One location in which high impacts on SMEs occurred was Bang Bua Thong market in Nonthaburi Province. The aim of this article is to investigate (1) how the 2011 floods affected SMEs in the market, (2) how successfully they have recovered, and (3) what actions they and the state have taken to reduce the vulnerability of SMEs to future floods. We found that the economic health of the market community has deteriorated since 2011 due to the damages caused by the floods, the poor state of the Thai economy, and increased business competition. The poor performance of the mayor during the event significantly contributed to the vulnerability of SMEs. So did the lack of an effective early warning system. Since 2011, the government has only made minor efforts to reduce flood risk. These have focused on building floodwalls to reduce risk to large-scale enterprises, which have redistributed risk to unprotected areas. No changes in land use have occurred, and hence, the drainage capacity of the market has improved little. The study revealed that socioeconomic factors interacted with the 2011 flood to negatively affect SMEs, and that key political economy drivers of vulnerability of SMEs remain unaddressed. The market has not been built back better, and the sociopolitical transformations needed to reduce vulnerability have not occurred.

Suggested Citation

  • Danny Marks & Frank Thomalla, 2017. "Responses to the 2011 floods in Central Thailand: Perpetuating the vulnerability of small and medium enterprises?," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 87(2), pages 1147-1165, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:spr:nathaz:v:87:y:2017:i:2:d:10.1007_s11069-017-2813-7
    DOI: 10.1007/s11069-017-2813-7
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Nipon POAPONSAKORN & Pitsom MEETHOM, 2013. "Impact of 2011 Floods, and Flood Management in Thailand," Working Papers DP-2013-34, Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (ERIA).
    2. Albala-Bertrand, J. M., 1993. "Political Economy of Large Natural Disasters: With Special Reference to Developing Countries," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780198287650.
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    Cited by:

    1. S. Pathak & M. M. Ahmad, 2018. "Role of government in flood disaster recovery for SMEs in Pathumthani province, Thailand," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 93(2), pages 957-966, September.
    2. Antonis Skouloudis & Thomas Tsalis & Ioannis Nikolaou & Konstantinos Evangelinos & Walter Leal Filho, 2020. "Small & Medium-Sized Enterprises, Organizational Resilience Capacity and Flash Floods: Insights from a Literature Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-17, September.
    3. Roxana Leitold & Javier Revilla Diez & Van Tran, 2020. "Are we expecting too much from the private sector in flood adaptation? Scenario-based field experiments with small- and medium-sized firms in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 163(1), pages 359-378, November.
    4. Kanitsorn Terdpaopong & Robert C. Rickards & Penprapak Manapreechadeelert, 2020. "The 2011 floods’ impact on the Thai industrial estates’ financial stability: a ratio analysis with policy recommendations," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 22(3), pages 1991-2014, March.
    5. Raffaele Scuderi & Giuseppe Tesoriere & Vincenzo Fasone, 2019. "Natural events and performance of micro firms: the impact of floods on shops in Uganda," Economia Politica: Journal of Analytical and Institutional Economics, Springer;Fondazione Edison, vol. 36(2), pages 609-627, July.
    6. Alex Y. Lo & Alice S. Y. Chow & Shuwen Liu & Lewis T. O. Cheung, 2019. "Community business resilience: adaptation practice of micro- and small enterprises around the Pearl River Estuary," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 157(3), pages 565-585, December.
    7. Raffaele Scuderi & Giuseppe Tesoriere & Vincenzo Fasone, 2021. "Does Location Matter for Micro Shops Resilience? Evidence from Uganda," International Regional Science Review, , vol. 44(1), pages 10-32, January.

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