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Experimental investigation into rockfill dam failure initiation by overtopping

Author

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  • Nasrin Javadi
  • Tew-Fik Mahdi

Abstract

Rockfill is the most abundant building material. It is often used for water retention under different contexts, such as dams, embankments or drainage systems. Climate change may cause water levels to rise in reservoirs. As rockfill structures are not able to resist strong overtopping flow, rising water levels will constitute a danger for rockfill dam stability as well as for people living nearby. This work is aimed at the development of an empirical formula that enables calculation of the critical water level of overflow at the crest from the geometrical and physical parameters of a dam. To achieve these objectives, several experimental tests on a rockfill dam model with two different impervious cores, moraine with a sand filter and an empty wooden formwork, were conducted in a hydraulic channel at the hydro-environmental laboratory at École Polytechnique de Montréal. The purpose of these tests was to study the initiation of a riprap failure under the influence of different variables, such as rock size, riprap bank, downstream side slope and bed slope. Results showed linear trends between the critical water level and both the downstream side slope and bed slope. Also, a power trend was observed between the critical level and riprap grain size. A formula that gives the critical overtopping water level was developed from these results. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2014

Suggested Citation

  • Nasrin Javadi & Tew-Fik Mahdi, 2014. "Experimental investigation into rockfill dam failure initiation by overtopping," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 74(2), pages 623-637, November.
  • Handle: RePEc:spr:nathaz:v:74:y:2014:i:2:p:623-637
    DOI: 10.1007/s11069-014-1201-9
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Maryam Maknoon & Tew-Fik Mahdi, 2010. "Experimental investigation into embankment external suffusion," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 54(3), pages 749-763, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Francesco Macchione & Gianluca De Lorenzo & Pierfranco Costabile & Babak Razdar, 2016. "The Power Function for Representing the Reservoir Rating Curve: Morphological Meaning and Suitability for Dam Breach Modelling," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 30(13), pages 4861-4881, October.

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