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Modeling of coastal erosion and sediment deposition during the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami in Lhok Nga, Sumatra, Indonesia

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  • Budianto Ontowirjo
  • Raphaël Paris
  • Akira Mano

Abstract

This study presents the results of numerical simulations of the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami in the Bay of Lhok Nga (northwestern coast of Sumatra, Indonesia) integrating sediment erosion and deposition. We investigate the transport of sediment both by suspension and by bedload under different scenarii of long breaking dispersive waves through a series of numerical experiments. The earthquake source model used by Koshimura et al. (Coast Eng J 51:243–273, 2008 ) with a 25-m dislocation better reproduces the wave travel time, flow depth and inundation area than the other models tested. The model reproduces realistically the pronounced coastal retreat in the northern part of Lhok Nga Bay (retreat ranging between 50 and 150 m), where Paris et al. (Geomorphology 104:59–72, 2009 ) estimated a mean retreat of 80 m. There is also a good agreement between the simulated area of coastal retreat (195,400 m 2 ) and the field observations (203,200 m 2 ). The simulation may underestimate the volume of tsunami deposits (611,700 m 3 vs. 500,000–1,000,000 m 3 estimated by Paris et al. ( 2009 ). The model fully reproduces the observed thickness of tsunami deposits when considering both bedload and suspension, even if bedload transport dominates. Limitations are due to micro-scale topographic, anthropic features (which are not always represented by the DEM) and the amount of debris which may influence flow dynamics and sediment transport. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2013

Suggested Citation

  • Budianto Ontowirjo & Raphaël Paris & Akira Mano, 2013. "Modeling of coastal erosion and sediment deposition during the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami in Lhok Nga, Sumatra, Indonesia," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 65(3), pages 1967-1979, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:nathaz:v:65:y:2013:i:3:p:1967-1979
    DOI: 10.1007/s11069-012-0455-3
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Gegar Prasetya & Jose Borrero & Willem Lange & Kerry Black & Terry Healy, 2011. "Modeling of inundation dynamics on Banda Aceh, Indonesia during the great Sumatra tsunamis December 26, 2004," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 58(3), pages 1029-1055, September.
    2. Gegar Prasetya & Kerry Black & Willem de Lange & Jose Borrero & Terry Healy, 2012. "Debris dispersal modeling for the great Sumatra Tsunamis on Banda Aceh and surrounding waters," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 60(3), pages 1167-1188, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. Valentin Nigg & Stephan Wohlwend & Michael Hilbe & Benjamin Bellwald & Stefano C. Fabbri & Gregory F. Souza & Florian Donau & Reto Grischott & Michael Strasser & Flavio S. Anselmetti, 2021. "A tsunamigenic delta collapse and its associated tsunami deposits in and around Lake Sils, Switzerland," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 107(2), pages 1069-1103, June.

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