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Hazards and mechanism of sinkholes on Kabudar Ahang and Famenin plains of Hamadan, Iran

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  • Haji Karimi
  • Kamal Taheri

Abstract

A large number of collapse sinkholes have been developed in the period 1989–2004 in Famenin and Kabudar Ahang plains, Hamadan province, west of Iran. This paper discusses the Hamadan sinkhole conditions and their mechanism of formation. There is limestone bedrock at the base of a thick cohesive alluvial aquifer in the area. High purity of limestone, considerable porosity and existence of numerous joints and fractures favors high karstification of the limestone. Overexploitation of groundwater during the last decades created a significant drawdown in aquifer water table. Besides, deep wells penetrated to the limestone bedrock and evacuated fine-grained materials of overlain alluvial aquifer. Therefore, large cavities resulted from sand productive wells. Increasing effective stresses have mainly caused the formation of dropout sinkholes or cover-collapse sinkholes. The sinkholes of the plains roughly coincide with the maximum drawdown in the aquifer. Therefore, one of the main factors that has controlled the formation of sinkholes is the water table drawdown in the aquifers. Karstification of limestone bedrock and thick cohesive soil of overlain aquifer enhance the formation mechanism of sinkholes. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2010

Suggested Citation

  • Haji Karimi & Kamal Taheri, 2010. "Hazards and mechanism of sinkholes on Kabudar Ahang and Famenin plains of Hamadan, Iran," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 55(2), pages 481-499, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:nathaz:v:55:y:2010:i:2:p:481-499
    DOI: 10.1007/s11069-010-9541-6
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    Cited by:

    1. Rita Tufano & Luigi Guerriero & Mariagiulia Annibali Corona & Giuseppe Bausilio & Diego Di Martire & Stefania Nisio & Domenico Calcaterra, 2022. "Anthropogenic sinkholes of the city of Naples, Italy: an update," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 112(3), pages 2577-2608, July.
    2. Xu-Wei Wang & Ye-Shuang Xu, 2022. "Investigation on the phenomena and influence factors of urban ground collapse in China," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 113(1), pages 1-33, August.

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