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Lava flow simulations using discharge rates from thermal infrared satellite imagery during the 2006 Etna eruption

Author

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  • Annamaria Vicari
  • Alessia Ciraudo
  • Ciro Negro
  • Alexis Herault
  • Luigi Fortuna

Abstract

Techniques capable of measuring lava discharge rates during an eruption are important for hazard prediction, warning, and mitigation. To this end, we developed an automated system that uses thermal infrared satellite MODIS data to estimate time-averaged discharge rate. MODIS-derived time-varying discharge rates were used to drive lava flow simulations calculated using the MAGFLOW cellular automata model, allowing us to simulate the discharge rate-dependent spread of lava as a function of time. During the July 2006 eruption of Mount Etna (Sicily, Italy), discharge rates were estimated at regular intervals (i.e., up to 2 times/day) using the MODIS data. The eruption lasted 10 days and produced a ~3-km-long lava flow field. Time-averaged discharge rates extracted from 13 MODIS images were utilized to produce a detailed chronology of lava flow emplacement, demonstrating how infrared satellite data can be used to drive numerical simulations of lava flow paths during an ongoing eruptive event. The good agreement between simulated and mapped flow areas indicates that model-based inundation predictions, driven by time-varying discharge rate data, provide an excellent means for assessing the hazard posed by ongoing effusive eruptions. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2009

Suggested Citation

  • Annamaria Vicari & Alessia Ciraudo & Ciro Negro & Alexis Herault & Luigi Fortuna, 2009. "Lava flow simulations using discharge rates from thermal infrared satellite imagery during the 2006 Etna eruption," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 50(3), pages 539-550, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:nathaz:v:50:y:2009:i:3:p:539-550
    DOI: 10.1007/s11069-008-9306-7
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    Cited by:

    1. Andrew Harris & Massimiliano Favalli & Robert Wright & Harold Garbeil, 2011. "Hazard assessment at Mount Etna using a hybrid lava flow inundation model and satellite-based land classification," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 58(3), pages 1001-1027, September.
    2. Angelo Castruccio & Jorge Clavero, 2015. "Lahar simulation at active volcanoes of the Southern Andes: implications for hazard assessment," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 77(2), pages 693-716, June.

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