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Three Recent Extreme Floods in Bangladesh: A Hydro-Meteorological Analysis

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  • M. Monirul Qader Mirza

Abstract

Bangladesh is highly vulnerableto floods due to its geographical location at the deltas of the Ganges, Brahmaputra and Meghna (GBM) rivers. About 92.5 per cent of the area of three basins lies outside the boundaries of the country. More than 80 per cent of the annual precipitation of Bangladesh occurs in the monsoon period between June and September. The hydro-meteorological characteristics of the three river basins are unique and they often cause large to extremely large floods in Bangladesh. It is possible that these floods could inundate 70 per cent of the country and the physical damage could be very serious for the economy of Bangladesh with its low gross domestic product (GDP). In 1987, 1988 and 1998, Bangladesh experienced three extreme floods, leaving trails of devastation and human misery. In this article it is demonstrated that these floods differed in terms of magnitude, extent, depth and duration. The external and internal hydro-meteorological dynamics were also different. Copyright Kluwer Academic Publishers 2003

Suggested Citation

  • M. Monirul Qader Mirza, 2003. "Three Recent Extreme Floods in Bangladesh: A Hydro-Meteorological Analysis," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 28(1), pages 35-64, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:nathaz:v:28:y:2003:i:1:p:35-64
    DOI: 10.1023/A:1021169731325
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Patricia López López & Tashrifa Sultana & Mohammed Abdulla Hel Kafi & Mohammed Shahadat Hossain & Abu Saleh Khan & Mohammed Sohel Masud, 2020. "Evaluation of Global Water Resources Reanalysis Data for Estimating Flood Events in the Brahmaputra River Basin," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 34(7), pages 2201-2220, May.
    2. Martina Linnenluecke & Andrew Griffiths, 2012. "Assessing organizational resilience to climate and weather extremes: complexities and methodological pathways," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 113(3), pages 933-947, August.
    3. World Bank, 2010. "Economic of Adaptation to Climate Change : Bangladesh, Volume 1. Main Report," World Bank Publications - Reports 12837, The World Bank Group.
    4. Akm Islam & Anisul Haque & Sujit Bala, 2010. "Hydrologic characteristics of floods in Ganges–Brahmaputra–Meghna (GBM) delta," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 54(3), pages 797-811, September.
    5. Sumaiya Jarin Ahammed & Eun-Sung Chung & Shamsuddin Shahid, 2018. "Parametric Assessment of Pre-Monsoon Agricultural Water Scarcity in Bangladesh," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-18, March.
    6. Abu Ali, 2007. "September 2004 Flood Event in Southwestern Bangladesh: A Study of its Nature, Causes, and Human Perception and Adjustments to a New Hazard," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 40(1), pages 89-111, January.
    7. Y. Yang & Patrick Ray & Casey Brown & Abedalrazq Khalil & Winston Yu, 2015. "Estimation of flood damage functions for river basin planning: a case study in Bangladesh," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 75(3), pages 2773-2791, February.
    8. Atta-ur-Rahman & Amir Khan, 2013. "Analysis of 2010-flood causes, nature and magnitude in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 66(2), pages 887-904, March.
    9. Showmitra Kumar Sarkar & Saifullah Bin Ansar & Khondaker Mohammed Mohiuddin Ekram & Mehedi Hasan Khan & Swapan Talukdar & Mohd Waseem Naikoo & Abu Reza Towfiqul Islam & Atiqur Rahman & Amir Mosavi, 2022. "Developing Robust Flood Susceptibility Model with Small Numbers of Parameters in Highly Fertile Regions of Northwest Bangladesh for Sustainable Flood and Agriculture Management," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-23, March.
    10. Soha A. Mohamed & Mohamed E. El-Raey, 2020. "Vulnerability assessment for flash floods using GIS spatial modeling and remotely sensed data in El-Arish City, North Sinai, Egypt," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 102(2), pages 707-728, June.
    11. Atta-ur-Rahman & Amir Khan, 2011. "Analysis of flood causes and associated socio-economic damages in the Hindukush region," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 59(3), pages 1239-1260, December.

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