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Impact of lockdown emission scenario on fine particulate matters (PM1) and its comparison with PM2.5 within Indian megacities

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  • Ganesan Bhagavathiammal

    (Anna University)

  • Gufran Beig

    (National Institute of Advanced Studies, Indian Institute of Science Campus)

  • Nikhil Korhale

    (Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology)

  • Siddhartha Singh

    (India Meteorological Department)

  • Bandaru Sathya Murthy

    (Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology)

Abstract

We hereby present the variability of fine particles (PM1 ≤ 1 micron) that has not yet been investigated under the influence of COVID-19-induced lockdown in three major cities of different climatic zones in India. We unfold the baseline level of PM1, a level to which the population is chronically exposed and extremely critical for epidemiologists for fixing health markers. This has been achieved using the saturation point methodology under fair weather conditions. The baseline level of PM1 for Delhi and Mumbai is found to be 13 µg m− 3 and 9 µg m− 3, respectively. The processes leading to a significantly higher decline in the level of PM1 as compared to coarser particles (PM2.5) are discussed. The varying magnitude of the declining trends in PM1 is found to be linked to the intensity of residential emissions, which vary from one city to another and was exempted during lockdown. Our findings are critical in understanding the dominant role played by different sources of PM1 in framing effective health risk management policies.

Suggested Citation

  • Ganesan Bhagavathiammal & Gufran Beig & Nikhil Korhale & Siddhartha Singh & Bandaru Sathya Murthy, 2024. "Impact of lockdown emission scenario on fine particulate matters (PM1) and its comparison with PM2.5 within Indian megacities," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 120(9), pages 9093-9105, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:nathaz:v:120:y:2024:i:9:d:10.1007_s11069-024-06568-3
    DOI: 10.1007/s11069-024-06568-3
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    1. Abhishek Kar & Shonali Pachauri & Rob Bailis & Hisham Zerriffi, 2020. "Capital cost subsidies through India’s Ujjwala cooking gas programme promote rapid adoption of liquefied petroleum gas but not regular use," Nature Energy, Nature, vol. 5(2), pages 125-126, February.
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    Keywords

    PM1; COVID-19; Lockdown; Baseline level; Biofuel; Epidemiologist;
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