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The Sparse Principal Component Analysis Problem: Optimality Conditions and Algorithms

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  • Amir Beck

    (Technion)

  • Yakov Vaisbourd

    (Technion)

Abstract

Sparse principal component analysis addresses the problem of finding a linear combination of the variables in a given dataset with a sparse coefficients vector that maximizes the variability of the data. This model enhances the ability to interpret the principal components and is applicable in a wide variety of fields including genetics and finance, just to name a few. We suggest a necessary coordinate-wise-based optimality condition and show its superiority over the stationarity-based condition that is commonly used in the literature, which is the basis for many of the algorithms designed to solve the problem. We devise algorithms that are based on the new optimality condition and provide numerical experiments that support our assertion that algorithms, which are guaranteed to converge to stronger optimality conditions, perform better than algorithms that converge to points satisfying weaker optimality conditions.

Suggested Citation

  • Amir Beck & Yakov Vaisbourd, 2016. "The Sparse Principal Component Analysis Problem: Optimality Conditions and Algorithms," Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications, Springer, vol. 170(1), pages 119-143, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:joptap:v:170:y:2016:i:1:d:10.1007_s10957-016-0934-x
    DOI: 10.1007/s10957-016-0934-x
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Shen, Haipeng & Huang, Jianhua Z., 2008. "Sparse principal component analysis via regularized low rank matrix approximation," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 99(6), pages 1015-1034, July.
    2. JOURNEE, Michel & NESTEROV, Yurii & RICHTARIK, Peter & SEPULCHRE, Rodolphe, 2010. "Generalized power method for sparse principal component analysis," LIDAM Reprints CORE 2232, Université catholique de Louvain, Center for Operations Research and Econometrics (CORE).
    3. Amir Beck & Nadav Hallak, 2016. "On the Minimization Over Sparse Symmetric Sets: Projections, Optimality Conditions, and Algorithms," Mathematics of Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 41(1), pages 196-223, February.
    4. Hui Zou & Trevor Hastie, 2005. "Addendum: Regularization and variable selection via the elastic net," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 67(5), pages 768-768, November.
    5. Hui Zou & Trevor Hastie, 2005. "Regularization and variable selection via the elastic net," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 67(2), pages 301-320, April.
    6. J. N. R. Jeffers, 1967. "Two Case Studies in the Application of Principal Component Analysis," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series C, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 16(3), pages 225-236, November.
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    Cited by:

    1. S. M. Mirhadi & S. A. MirHassani, 2022. "A solution approach for cardinality minimization problem based on fractional programming," Journal of Combinatorial Optimization, Springer, vol. 44(1), pages 583-602, August.

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